Oracle 11g 手动建库,在虚拟环境中,不使用 DBCA 工具进行创建数据库
1.Linux 环境的基本配置
2.ip 10.11.30.60
3.Oracle 11g 安装过程
- ------------------------------------Linux环境配置---------------------------------------
1. 硬件配置
- [root@gzxbi01~]#free - g total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3 1 2 0 0 1 - /+ buffers/cache: 0 3 Swap: 17 0 17[root@gzxbi01~]#df - h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use % Mounted on / dev / sda2 34G 8.2G 24G 26 % /
- tmpfs 1.9G 84K 1.9G 1% /dev / shm / dev / sda1 477M 33M 419M 8 % /boot
- /dev / sda5 15G 37M 14G 1 % /u01
- /dev / sda6 33G 48M 32G 1 % /u01/oradata
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo
model name : QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6)
model name : QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6)
model name : QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6)
model name : QEMU Virtual CPU version (cpu64-rhel6)
2. 软件
- [root@gzxbi01~]#ll / data / download / total 2295604 drwxr - xr - x 8 root root 4096 Aug 21 2009 database - rw - rw - r--1 eson eson 1239269270 Nov 29 08 : 55 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip - rw - rw - r--1 eson eson 1111416131 Nov 29 08 : 55 linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
3. 配置过程
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libXi make sysstat compat-libstdc*
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# groupadd dba
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# passwd oracle
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
#在 sysctl.conf 中添加对应的内核参数
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni=4096
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 4194304
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# sysctl -p
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
- oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
- session required / lib64 / security / pam_limits.so
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# vim /etc/profile
- if [$USER = "oracle"];
- then ulimit - u 16384 ulimit - n 65536
- else ulimit - u 16384 - n 655536 fi
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@gzxbi01 ~]$ vim .bash_profile
- TMP = /tmp; export TMP
- TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
- ORACLE_BASE=/u01 / app / oracle;
- export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME = $ORACLE_BASE / product / 11.2.0 / db_1;
- export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID = orcl11;
- export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_TERM = xterm;
- export ORACLE_TERM PATH = /usr/sbin: $PATH;
- export PATH PATH = $ORACLE_HOME / bin: $PATH;
- export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH = $ORACLE_HOME / lib: /lib:/usr / lib;
- export LD_LIBRARY_PATH CLASSPATH = $ORACLE_HOME / JRE: $ORACLE_HOME / jlib: $ORACLE_HOME / rdbms / jlib;
- export CLASSPATH
- if [$USER = "oracle"];
- then
- if [$SHELL = "/bin/ksh"];
- then ulimit - p 16384 ulimit - n 65536
- else ulimit - u 16384 - n 65536 fi fi
[oracle@gzxbi01 ~]$ source .bash_profile
安装过程省略, 手工建库过程
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# mkdir -p /u02/app/oracle/arch/
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02
[root@gzxbi01 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u02
[oracle@gzxbi01 oradata]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@gzxbi01 dbs]$ vim initnina.ora
instance_type='RDBMS'
db_domain='world'
db_name='nina'
compatible ='11.2.0'
statistics_level='typical'
audit_trail='none'
remote_login_passwordfile='none'
sga_target=300M
memory_target=1G
open_cursors=300
db_files=1000
processes=600
db_block_size=8192
cursor_sharing='force'
background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/nina/'
user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/nina/'
core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/nina/'
control_files = ('/u01/oradata/cont1.ctl','/u01/oradata/cont2.ctl')
db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
db_flashback_retention_target=7200
db_recovery_file_dest=('/u02/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area')
db_recovery_file_dest_size=1000M
log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u02/app/oracle/arch/'
log_archive_format='log%t_%s_%r.arc'
optimizer_mode='all_rows'
undo_management='auto'
undo_retention=7200
undo_tablespace='undotbs_01'
连接启动
- SQL > startup nomount ORA - 01031 : insufficient privileges SQL > exit[oracle@gzxbi01 dbs] $ sqlplus / nolog SQL * Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Dec 1 14 : 42 : 50 2016 Copyright(c) 1982,
- 2009,
- Oracle.All rights reserved.SQL > conn sys as sysdba Enter password: Connected to an idle instance.SQL > startup nomount
编写 SQL 脚本
[root@gzxbi01 oradata]# mkdir -pv /u01/oradata/nina
[root@gzxbi01 oradata]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oradata
[root@gzxbi01 oradata]# chmod -R 755 /u01/oradata
- CREATE DATABASE nina USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY sys_password USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY system_passwordd LOGFILE GROUP 1('/u01/oradata/nina/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
- GROUP 2('/u01/oradata/nina/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
- GROUP 3('/u01/oradata/nina/redo03.log') SIZE 100M MAXLOGFILES 5 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 1 MAXDATAFILES 300 CHARACTER SET US7ASCII NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/system01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/sysaux01.dbf'SIZE 325M REUSE DEFAULT TABLESPACE users DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/users01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 TEMPFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/temp01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs_01 DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/undotbs01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;
执行 SQL 语句
- SQL > @ / u02 / app / oracle / a.sql
可以同时观察对应的预警日志
- [oracle@gzxbi01 trace] $ pwd / u01 / app / oracle / diag / rdbms / nina / nina / trace
[oracle@gzxbi01 trace]$ cat alert_nina.log
- CREATE DATABASE nina USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY * USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY * MAXLOGFILES 5 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 1 MAXDATAFILES 300 LOGFILE GROUP 1('/u01/oradata/nina/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
- GROUP 2('/u01/oradata/nina/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
- GROUP 3('/u01/oradata/nina/redo03.log') SIZE 100M CHARACTER SET US7ASCII NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/system01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/sysaux01.dbf'SIZE 325M REUSE DEFAULT TABLESPACE users DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/users01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 TEMPFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/temp01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs_01 DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/undotbs01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED Database mounted in Exclusive Mode#表示Oracle已经打开initnina.ora文件中指定的控制文件Lost write protection disabled Thu Dec 01 17 : 27 : 29 2016 Successful mount of redo thread 1,
- with mount id 1284923831#指出第一个重做日志已经成功创建,并为恢复的目的打开Assigning activation ID 1284923831(0x4c9661b7) Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1 Current log#1 seq#1 mem#0 : /u01/oradata / nina / redo01.log Successful open of redo thread 1 Thu Dec 01 17 : 27 : 30 2016 MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set Thu Dec 01 17 : 27 : 30 2016 SMON: enabling cache recovery processing ? /rdbms/admin / dcore.bsq create tablespace SYSTEM datafile '/u01/oradata/nina/system01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL online Thu Dec 01 17 : 27 : 50 2016 Completed: create tablespace SYSTEM datafile '/u01/oradata/nina/system01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL online create rollback segment SYSTEM tablespace SYSTEM storage(initial 50K next 50K) Completed: create rollback segment SYSTEM tablespace SYSTEM storage(initial 50K next 50K) processing ? /rdbms/admin / dsqlddl.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dmanage.bsq CREATE TABLESPACE sysaux DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/sysaux01.dbf'SIZE 325M REUSE#system和sysaux表空间创建成功EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO ONLINE Thu Dec 01 17 : 28 : 06 2016 Completed: CREATE TABLESPACE sysaux DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/sysaux01.dbf'SIZE 325M REUSE EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO ONLINE processing ? /rdbms/admin / dplsql.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dtxnspc.bsq CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS_01 DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/undotbs01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED Thu Dec 01 17 : 28 : 16 2016 Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.Completed: CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS_01 DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/undotbs01.dbf'#撤销表空间undotbs01创建成功SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMPTS1 TEMPFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/temp01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE Completed: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMPTS1 TEMPFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/temp01.dbf'#创建临时表空间TEMPPS1 SIZE 200M REUSE ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMPTS1#指定TEMPTS1作为数据库的默认永久表空间Completed: ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMPTS1 CREATE TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/users01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT MANUAL Thu Dec 01 17 : 28 : 36 2016 Completed: CREATE TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/users01.dbf'#创建User表空间SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT MANUAL ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS#指定USERS表空间为默认永久表空间Completed: ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS processing ? /rdbms/admin / dfmap.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / denv.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / drac.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dsec.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / doptim.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dobj.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / djava.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dpart.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / drep.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / daw.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dsummgt.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dtools.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dexttab.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / ddm.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / dlmnr.bsq processing ? /rdbms/admin / ddst.bsq Thu Dec 01 17 : 28 : 39 2016 SMON: enabling tx recovery Starting background process SMCO Thu Dec 01 17 : 28 : 39 2016 SMCO started with pid = 18,
- OS id = 3206 Thu Dec 01 17 : 28 : 50 2016 replication_dependency_tracking turned off(no async multimaster replication found) Starting background process QMNC#启动新后台进程QMNC Thu Dec 01 17 : 28 : 50 2016 QMNC started with pid = 20,
- OS id = 3211 Completed: CREATE DATABASE nina USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY * USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY * MAXLOGFILES 5 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 1 MAXDATAFILES 300 LOGFILE GROUP 1('/u01/oradata/nina/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
- GROUP 2('/u01/oradata/nina/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
- GROUP 3('/u01/oradata/nina/redo03.log') SIZE 100M CHARACTER SET US7ASCII NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/system01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/sysaux01.dbf'SIZE 325M REUSE DEFAULT TABLESPACE users DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/users01.dbf'SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1 TEMPFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/temp01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs_01 DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/nina/undotbs01.dbf'SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED Thu Dec 01 17 : 28 : 50 2016 db_recovery_file_dest_size of 1000 MB is 0.00 % used.This is a user - specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this database
- for recovery - related files,
- and does not reflect the amount of space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
执行 Oracle 脚本创建数据字典
catalog.sql: 数据字典视图。公用同义词及其他对象填充数据库
catproc.sql: 创建 Oracle 提供的程序包及其他支持在数据库中使用 PL/SQL 代码的对象
- SQL > @$ORACLE_HOME / rdbms / admin / catalog.sql....Grant succeeded.PL / SQL procedure successfully completed.TIMESTAMP--------------------------------------------------------------------------------COMP_TIMESTAMP CATALOG 2016 - 12 - 02 08 : 47 : 09
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
....
在执行过程中,观察预警日志
- Fri Dec 02 08 : 46 : 11 2016 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 2(LGWR
- switch) Current log#2 seq#2 mem#0 : /u01/oradata / nina / redo02.log Fri Dec 02 08 : 49 : 36 2016 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 3(LGWR
- switch) Current log#3 seq#3 mem#0 : /u01/oradata / nina / redo03.log Fri Dec 02 08 : 50 : 35 2016 Create Relation IPS_PACKAGE_UNPACK_HISTORY Fri Dec 02 08 : 51 : 34 2016 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 4(LGWR
- switch) Current log#1 seq#4 mem#0 : /u01/oradata / nina / redo01.log Fri Dec 02 08 : 53 : 54 2016 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 5(LGWR
- switch) Current log#2 seq#5 mem#0 : /u01/oradata / nina / redo02.log Fri Dec 02 08 : 56 : 36 2016 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 6(LGWR
- switch) Current log#3 seq#6 mem#0 : /u01/oradata / nina / redo03.log Fri Dec 02 08 : 57 : 29 2016 Starting background process CJQ0 Fri Dec 02 08 : 57 : 30 2016 CJQ0 started with pid = 22,
- OS id = 15118 Fri Dec 02 08 : 57 : 55 2016 Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 7(LGWR
- switch) Current log#1 seq#7 mem#0 : /u01/oradata / nina / redo01.log Fri Dec 02 08 : 58 : 21 2016 SERVER COMPONENT id = CATPROC: timestamp = 2016 - 12 - 02 08 : 58 : 21
至此,手动建库完成!
来源: http://www.cnblogs.com/olinux/p/6120760.html