这篇文章主要介绍了 CentOS 命令行下装 oracle 12c 的方法 (命令行模式安装), 需要的朋友可以参考下
Oracle Database,又名 Oracle RDBMS,或简称 Oracle。是甲骨文公司的一款关系数据库管理系统。到目前仍在数据库市场上占有主要份额。
实验环境:
1:安装 oracle 所需软件包
Oracle 12c 所需的 rpm 包如下:
- binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
- compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
- compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
- compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)
- gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
- gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
- glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
- glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
- glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
- glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
- ksh
- libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
- libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
- libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
- libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
- libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
- libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
- libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
- libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)
- libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
- libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)
- libXext-1.1 (x86_64)
- libXext-1.1 (i686)
- libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64)
- libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686)
- libX11-1.3 (x86_64)
- libX11-1.3 (i686)
- libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64)
- libXau-1.0.5 (i686)
- libxcb-1.5 (x86_64)
- libxcb-1.5 (i686)
- libXi-1.3 (x86_64)
- libXi-1.3 (i686)
- make-3.81-19.el6
- sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
[root@ser6-51 mongodb]# yum install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat
- Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
- Determining fastest mirrors
- * base: mirrors.163.com
- * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
- * updates: mirrors.163.com
- base | 3.7 kB 00:00
- extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
- updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
- updates/primary_db | 3.9 MB 00:04
- Setting up Install Process
- Package gcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
- Package gcc-c++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
- Package libgcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
- Package libstdc++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
- Package libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
- Package libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
- Package libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
- Package 1:make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
- Resolving Dependencies
- --> Running transaction check
- ---> Package binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 will be an update
- ---> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed
- ---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed
- ---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated
- --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.132.el6 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64
- --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.132.el6 for package: glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64
- ---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update
- ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update
- ---> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-21.el6_6.3 will be installed
- ---> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.5.0-4.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 will be an update
- --> Processing Dependency: libX11-common = 1.6.0-2.2.el6 for package: libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64
- ---> Package libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.1-2.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.2-2.1.el6 will be an update
- ---> Package libXi.x86_64 0:1.6.1-3.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package libXi.x86_64 0:1.7.2-2.2.el6 will be an update
- ---> Package libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.1-2.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.2-2.1.el6 will be an update
- ---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed
- ---> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.8.1-1.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.9.1-2.el6 will be an update
- ---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-22.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-27.el6 will be an update
- --> Running transaction check
- ---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update
- ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update
- ---> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.5.0-4.el6 will be updated
- ---> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 will be an update
- --> Finished Dependency Resolution
- Dependencies Resolved
- =========================================================================================================================================================================================================
- Package Arch Version Repository Size
- =========================================================================================================================================================================================================
- Installing:
- compat-libcap1 x86_64 1.10-1 base 17 k
- compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6 base 183 k
- ksh x86_64 20120801-21.el6_6.3 updates 758 k
- libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 base 13 k
- Updating:
- binutils x86_64 2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 base 2.8 M
- glibc x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 3.8 M
- glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 984 k
- libX11 x86_64 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 586 k
- libXext x86_64 1.3.2-2.1.el6 base 35 k
- libXi x86_64 1.7.2-2.2.el6 base 37 k
- libXtst x86_64 1.2.2-2.1.el6 base 19 k
- libxcb x86_64 1.9.1-2.el6 base 110 k
- sysstat x86_64 9.0.4-27.el6 base 233 k
- Updating for dependencies:
- glibc-common x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 14 M
- glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 612 k
- libX11-common noarch 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 192 k
- Transaction Summary
- =========================================================================================================================================================================================================
- Install 4 Package(s)
- Upgrade 12 Package(s)
- Total download size: 24 M
- Is this ok [y/N]: y
- Downloading Packages:
- (1/16): binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64.rpm | 2.8 MB 00:02
- (2/16): compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm | 17 kB 00:00
- (3/16): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:00
- (4/16): glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 3.8 MB 00:05
- (5/16): glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:13
- (6/16): glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 984 kB 00:02
- (7/16): glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 612 kB 00:01
- (8/16): ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64.rpm | 758 kB 00:01
- (9/16): libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 586 kB 00:01
- (10/16): libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch.rpm | 192 kB 00:00
- (11/16): libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 35 kB 00:00
- (12/16): libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 37 kB 00:00
- (13/16): libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 19 kB 00:00
- (14/16): libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm | 13 kB 00:00
- (15/16): libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 110 kB 00:00
- (16/16): sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64.rpm | 233 kB 00:00
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Total 712 kB/s | 24 MB 00:35
- Running rpm_check_debug
- Running Transaction Test
- Transaction Test Succeeded
- Running Transaction
- Updating : glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 1/28
- Updating : glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 2/28
- Updating : glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 3/28
- Updating : libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64 4/28
- Updating : libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch 5/28
- Updating : libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64 6/28
- Updating : libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 7/28
- Updating : libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64 8/28
- Updating : libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 9/28
- Updating : glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 10/28
- Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 11/28
- Updating : sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64 12/28
- Installing : ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64 13/28
- Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 14/28
- Updating : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64 15/28
- Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 16/28
- Cleanup : glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 17/28
- Cleanup : libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.x86_64 18/28
- Cleanup : glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 19/28
- Cleanup : libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.x86_64 20/28
- Cleanup : libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.x86_64 21/28
- Cleanup : libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.x86_64 22/28
- Cleanup : libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.x86_64 23/28
- Cleanup : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 24/28
- Cleanup : sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64 25/28
- Cleanup : libX11-common-1.5.0-4.el6.noarch 26/28
- Cleanup : glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 27/28
- Cleanup : glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 28/28
- Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 1/28
- Verifying : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 2/28
- Verifying : libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64 3/28
- Verifying : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 4/28
- Verifying : libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 5/28
- Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 6/28
- Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64 7/28
- Verifying : ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64 8/28
- Verifying : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 9/28
- Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 10/28
- Verifying : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64 11/28
- Verifying : libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 12/28
- Verifying : libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64 13/28
- Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 14/28
- Verifying : libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64 15/28
- Verifying : libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch 16/28
- Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 17/28
- Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 18/28
- Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 19/28
- Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 20/28
- Verifying : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 21/28
- Verifying : libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.x86_64 22/28
- Verifying : libX11-common-1.5.0-4.el6.noarch 23/28
- Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64 24/28
- Verifying : libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.x86_64 25/28
- Verifying : libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.x86_64 26/28
- Verifying : libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.x86_64 27/28
- Verifying : libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.x86_64 28/28
- Installed:
- compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-21.el6_6.3 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6
- Updated:
- binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.2-2.1.el6
- libXi.x86_64 0:1.7.2-2.2.el6 libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.2-2.1.el6 libxcb.x86_64 0:1.9.1-2.el6 sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-27.el6
- Dependency Updated:
- glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6
- Complete!
验证 Oracle 所需要的系统依赖程序包是否完整。
[root@ser6-51 mongodb]# rpm -qa binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat
- libgcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
- libstdc++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
- gcc-c++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
- glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64
- libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64
- glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64
- compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64
- make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
- libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
- libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.x86_64
- libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
- libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64
- libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64
- compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64
- ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64
- binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64
- gcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64
- libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64
- libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64
- sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64
- libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
2:对 OS 进行配置
2.1 创建相关用户和用户组
groupadd oinstall
groupadd oper
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
2.2 修改 oracle 用户的密码
passwd oracle
2.3 修改系统参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
添加:
- fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
- fs.file-max = 6815744
- kernel.shmall = 2097152
- kernel.shmmax = 536870912
- kernel.shmmni = 4096
- kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
- net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
- net.core.rmem_default = 262144
- net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
- net.core.wmem_default = 262144
- net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
运行 sysctl -p 应用以上参数
/sbin/sysctl -p
2.4 修改用户 Limits
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
新增如下内容:
oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle stack nproc 10240
oracle stack nproc 10240
2.5 创建相关目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1
mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/archlog
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
2.6 配置环境变量
su - oracle
vi .bash_profile
添加:
- # Oracle Settings
- COLUMNS=132; export COLUMNS
- LINES=47; export LINES
- EDITOR=vi; export EDITOR
- TMP=/tmp; export TMP
- TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
- ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
- ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12c/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
- ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
- SHLIB_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH;export SHLIB_PATH
- NLS_LANG=American_America.zhs16gbk;export NLS_LANG
- ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data;export ORA_NLS10
- TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin;export TNS_ADMIN
- ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
- PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
- PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
- LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
- CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
- alias glance=/opt/perf/bin/glance:x
- alias gohome='cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0'
- alias cdb='cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
- alias cdu='cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
-- 里面的内容可以根据实际情况进行改动,如可以改动 ORACLE_SID.
修改完用:source .bash_profile 生效。
2.7 修改 / etc/hosts
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ hostname
ser6-51
把 127.0.0.1 那一行改为:127.0.0.1 ser6-51
2.8 修改操作系统发行版本
由于 oracle 还没有推出支持 CentOS 的安装包,所以需要修改发行版本,以便通过 oracle 的安装检查。
vi /etc/redhat-release
把 CentOS release 6.5 (Final) 注释掉,前面加上一行 redhat-4,当 oracle 安装完成后, 再修改回来。
如:
redhat-4
#CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
2.9 关闭 SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config
将 SELINUX 那一行改成:
SELINUX=disabled
3:安装
3.1 解压安装包
[root@ser6-51 download]# ls -ltr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1014530602 Jul 6 15:07 linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1673544724 Jul 6 15:12 linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
[root@ser6-51 download]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
[root@ser6-51 download]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
[root@ser6-51 download]# ls -ltr
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jul 7 2014 database
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1014530602 Jul 6 15:07 linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1673544724 Jul 6 15:12 linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
3.2 安装 oracle 软件
3.2.1 新建静默安装的应答文件
su - oracle
vi 12102db_install.rsp
添加:
- ######################################################################
- ## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2013. All rights reserved. ##
- ## ##
- ## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ##
- ## your installation. ##
- ## ##
- ## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ##
- ## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ##
- ## values. ##
- ## ##
- ## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ##
- ## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ##
- ## or db administrator who owns this installation. ##
- ## ##
- ######################################################################
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Do not change the following system generated value.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.1.0
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the installation option.
- # It can be one of the following:
- # - INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
- # - INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
- # - UPGRADE_DB
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
- # to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
- # first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames
- # and network interfaces)
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ser6-51
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
- # This is an optional parameter if installing on
- # Windows based Operating System.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.
- #
- # en : English ja : Japanese
- # fr : French ko : Korean
- # ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish
- # bn : Bengali lv : Latvian
- # pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian
- # bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay
- # fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish
- # ca : Catalan no : Norwegian
- # hr : Croatian pl : Polish
- # cs : Czech pt : Portuguese
- # da : Danish ro : Romanian
- # nl : Dutch ru : Russian
- # ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese
- # en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak
- # et : Estonian sl : Slovenian
- # fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish
- # de : German sv : Swedish
- # el : Greek th : Thai
- # iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese
- # hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish
- # is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian
- # in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese
- # it : Italian
- #
- # all_langs : All languages
- #
- # Specify value as the following to select any of the languages.
- # Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
- #
- # Specify value as the following to select all the languages.
- # Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=all_langs
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the installation edition of the component.
- #
- # The value should contain only one of these choices.
- # - EE : Enterprise Edition
- # - SE : Standard Edition
- # - SEONE : Standard Edition One
- # - PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
- #################################################################################
- # #
- # PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS #
- # ------------------------------------------ #
- # Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges #
- # needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the #
- # group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. #
- # #
- # The value to be specified for OSDBA and OSOPER group is only for UNIX based #
- # Operating System. #
- # #
- ###############################################################################
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
- # The value to be specified for OSOPER group is optional.
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # The BACKUPDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSBACKUPDBA privileges.
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # The DGDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDGDBA privileges.
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dba
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # The KMDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSKMDBA privileges.
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dba
- ################################################################################
- # #
- # Database Configuration Options #
- # #
- ################################################################################
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the type of database to create.
- # It can be one of the following:
- # - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING
- # - DATA_WAREHOUSE
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the Starter Database SID.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify whether the database should be configured as a Container database.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the Pluggable Database name for the pluggable database in Container Database.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the Starter Database character set.
- #
- # One of the following
- # AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
- # EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
- # BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
- # AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
- # IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
- # KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
- # ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
- # in Database is desired.
- # If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
- # is to be done manually, then set it to false.
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
- # at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
- # on the system.
- # Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
- #################################################################################
- # #
- # Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the #
- # starter database: #
- # SYS #
- # SYSTEM #
- # DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) #
- # #
- # Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) #
- # or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) #
- # #
- #################################################################################
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
- # starter database.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the PDBADMIN password required for creation of Pluggable Database in the Container Database.
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify whether user doesn't want to configure Security Updates.
- # The value for this variable should be true if you don't want to configure
- # Security Updates, false otherwise.
- #
- # The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
- # to be false.
- #
- # Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- # Specify the auto-updates option. It can be one of the following:
- # - MYORACLESUPPORT_DOWNLOAD
- # - OFFLINE_UPDATES
- # - SKIP_UPDATES
- #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES
3.2.2 静默安装软件
[root@ser6-51 install]# su - oracle
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ cd /download/database/
[oracle@ser6-51 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/12102db_install.rsp
/*
假如安装过程中报错了,已经在 $ORACLE_HOME 和 / u01/app/oraInventory 下生成了很多文件目录。想再次安装的话,需要先删除这些文件:
[oracle@ser6-52 app]$ pwd
/u01/app
[oracle@ser6-52 app]$ rm -rf /u01/app/oraInventory
cd $ORACLE_HOME/
rm -rf *
*/
执行两个脚本:
[root@ser6-51 ~]# sh /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
root@ser6-51 ~]# sh /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/install/root_ser6-51_2015-07-06_19-00-11.log for the output of root script
3.3 建库
3.3.1 建响应文件
v i /home/oracle/dbca.rsp
添加:
- [GENERAL]
- RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "12.1.2.0"
- OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
- [CREATEDATABASE]
- GDBNAME = "orcl"
- SID = "orcl"
- TEMPLATENAME = "New_Database.dbt"
- SYSPASSWORD = "orcl"
- SYSTEMPASSWORD = "orcl"
- SYSMANPASSWORD = "orcl"
- DBSNMPPASSWORD = "orcl"
- DATAFILEDESTINATION ="/u01/app/oracle/oradata"
- STORAGETYPE=FS
- CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"
- DATABASETYPE = "MULTIPURPOSE"
- AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "FALSE"
3.3.2 执行命令
dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp
- Creating and starting Oracle instance
- 1% complete
- 4% complete
- Creating database files
- 5% complete
- 9% complete
- Creating data dictionary views
- 10% complete
- 13% complete
- 14% complete
- 15% complete
- 16% complete
- 17% complete
- 18% complete
- 21% complete
- 22% complete
- 23% complete
- 24% complete
- Adding Oracle JVM
- 30% complete
- 37% complete
- 44% complete
- 46% complete
- Adding Oracle Text
- 47% complete
- 48% complete
- 50% complete
- 51% complete
- Adding Oracle Multimedia
- 52% complete
- 65% complete
- Adding Oracle OLAP
- 66% complete
- 67% complete
- 68% complete
- 69% complete
- Adding Oracle Spatial
- 70% complete
- 78% complete
- Adding Oracle Application Express
- 83% complete
- 87% complete
- Completing Database Creation
- 89% complete
- 90% complete
- 91% complete
- 95% complete
- 100% complete
[oracle@ser6-51 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[oracle@ser6-51 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Jul 8 09:29:16 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN
3.4 配监听
3.4.1 建响应文件
vi 12102_netca.rsp
添加:
- [GENERAL] RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "12.1"CREATE_TYPE = "CUSTOM"
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#Name: SHOW_GUI#Datatype: Boolean#Description: This variable controls appearance / suppression of the NetCA GUI,
- #Pre - req: N / A#Default: TRUE#Note: #This must be set to false in order to run NetCA in silent mode.#This is a substitute of "/silent"flag in the NetCA command line.#The command line flag has precedence over the one in this response file.#This feature is present since 10.1.0.3.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#SHOW_GUI = false
- #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#Name: LOG_FILE#Datatype: String#Description: If present,
- NetCA will log output to this file in addition to the#standard out.#Pre - req: N / A#Default: NONE#Note: #This is a substitute of "/log" in the NetCA command line.#The command line argument has precedence over the one in this response file.#This feature is present since 10.1.0.3.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#LOG_FILE = "" / oracle12cHome / network / tools / log / netca.log ""
- [oracle.net.ca]#INSTALLED_COMPONENTS;
- StringList;
- list of installed components#The possible values
- for installed components are: #"net8",
- "server",
- "client",
- "aso",
- "cman",
- "javavm"INSTALLED_COMPONENTS = {
- "server",
- "net8",
- "javavm"
- }
- #INSTALL_TYPE;
- String;
- type of install#The possible values
- for install type are: #"typical",
- "minimal"or "custom"INSTALL_TYPE = ""typical ""
- #LISTENER_NUMBER;
- Number;
- Number of Listeners#A typical install sets one listener LISTENER_NUMBER = 1
- #LISTENER_NAMES;
- StringList;
- list of listener names#The values
- for listener are: #"LISTENER",
- "LISTENER1",
- "LISTENER2",
- "LISTENER3",
- ...#A typical install sets only "LISTENER"LISTENER_NAMES = "LISTENER"
- #LISTENER_PROTOCOLS;
- StringList;
- list of listener addresses(protocols and parameters separated by semicolons)#The possible values
- for listener protocols are: #"TCP;1521",
- "TCPS;2484",
- "NMP;ORAPIPE",
- "IPC;IPCKEY",
- "VI;1521"#A typical install sets only "TCP;1521"LISTENER_PROTOCOLS = "TCP;1521"
- #LISTENER_START;
- String;
- name of the listener to start,
- indouble quotes LISTENER_START = ""LISTENER ""
- #NAMING_METHODS;
- StringList;
- list of naming methods#The possible values
- for naming methods are: #LDAP,
- TNSNAMES,
- ONAMES,
- HOSTNAME,
- NOVELL,
- NIS,
- DCE#A typical install sets only: "TNSNAMES",
- "ONAMES",
- "HOSTNAMES"#or "LDAP",
- "TNSNAMES",
- "ONAMES",
- "HOSTNAMES"
- for LDAP NAMING_METHODS = {
- "TNSNAMES",
- "ONAMES",
- "HOSTNAME"
- }
- #NOVELL_NAMECONTEXT;
- String;
- Novell Directory Service name context,
- indouble quotes#A typical install does not use this variable.#NOVELL_NAMECONTEXT = ""NAMCONTEXT ""
- #SUN_METAMAP;
- String;
- SUN meta map,
- indouble quotes#A typical install does not use this variable.#SUN_METAMAP = ""MAP ""
- #DCE_CELLNAME;
- String;
- DCE cell name,
- indouble quotes#A typical install does not use this variable.#DCE_CELLNAME = ""CELL ""
- #NSN_NUMBER;
- Number;
- Number of NetService Names#A typical install sets one net service name NSN_NUMBER = 1
- #NSN_NAMES;
- StringList;
- list of Net Service names#A typical install sets net service name to "EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"NSN_NAMES = "EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"
- #NSN_SERVICE;
- StringList;
- Oracle12c database 's service name
- # A typical install sets Oracle12c database's service name to "PLSExtProc"NSN_SERVICE = "PLSExtProc"
3.4.2 执行命令
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ netca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/12102_netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/12102_netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
4:设置开机启动
4.1 修改 dbstart 文件
假如执行 / u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/dbstart 报错:
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
修改 dbstart 文件,将 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
修改为 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
4.2 修改 / etc/oratab
添加:
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1:Y
4.3 修改 / etc/rc.d/rc.local
添加一行:
su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/dbstart
-- 说明:/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/dbhome_1 为 oracle 的安装目录,要根据实际情况进行修改。
reboot 试验下看是否能开机自动启动。
5:开 1521 端口
如果防火墙开启了的话,要开 1521 端口,允许远程访问。
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
直接在配置文件里已有的 - A INPUT 那些命令下面
添加一行:
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 1521-j ACCEPT
重启防火墙
[root@ser6-52 mongodb]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [OK]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [OK]
iptables: Unloading modules: [OK]
iptables: Applying firewall rules: [OK]
6:后续配置
#把操作系统版本改回原来的配置
[root@pc ~]# vi /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.8 (Tikanga)
修改后:
#redhat-4
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
对应步骤 2.8。
-- 静默方式建库参考这篇文章。
来源: http://www.phperz.com/article/17/0318/295254.html