需求描述:
由于数据中心某平台测试环境数据库服务器 (192.168.104.7) 挂载点 / usr 磁盘空间不足, 导致 Oracle 数据库无法正常运行, 因此需要对 / usr 挂载点进行在线扩容, 由原来的 200G 扩容至 300G.
处理过程如下:
1. 登陆虚拟机查看磁盘挂载使用情况, 看到 / usr 挂载点空间使用已经 100%
- [[email protected] ~]# df -h
- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
- tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
- tmpfs 16G 194M 16G 2% /run
- tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
- /dev/mapper/CentOS-root 50G 123M 50G 1% /
- /dev/mapper/CentOS-usr 200G 200G 17M 100% /usr
- /dev/xvda1 1014M 157M 858M 16% /boot
- /dev/mapper/CentOS-var 100G 773M 100G 1% /var
- /dev/mapper/CentOS-home 10G 10G 20K 100% /home
- nfs1.ccic.com:/nfs/temp 450G 358G 93G 80% /software/temp
- tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/0
- tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/1001
查看当前虚拟机有几块磁盘
- [[email protected] ~]# lsblk
- NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
- sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
- xvda 202:0 0 500G 0 disk
├─xvda1 202:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─xvda2 202:2 0 267.9G 0 part
│ ├─CentOS-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm /
│ ├─CentOS-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
│ ├─CentOS-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr
│ ├─CentOS-home 253:3 0 10G 0 lvm /home
│ └─CentOS-var 253:4 0 100G 0 lvm /var
└─xvda3 202:3 0 231.1G 0 part
└─CentOS-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr
1. 登陆 FusionCompute 虚拟化 web 界面, 找到需要绑定磁盘的虚拟机
2. 选择更多功能 -->绑定磁盘
3. 创建磁盘, 然后绑定给虚拟机
4. 输入需要绑定磁盘的大小和磁盘名称, 然后点击确定.
5. 虚拟机绑定磁盘后, 登陆虚拟机可看到新增的磁盘
- [[email protected] ~]# lsblk
- NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
- sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
- xvda 202:0 0 500G 0 disk
├─xvda1 202:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─xvda2 202:2 0 267.9G 0 part
│ ├─CentOS-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm /
│ ├─CentOS-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
│ ├─CentOS-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr
│ ├─CentOS-home 253:3 0 10G 0 lvm /home
│ └─CentOS-var 253:4 0 100G 0 lvm /var
└─xvda3 202:3 0 231.1G 0 part
└─CentOS-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr
xvde 202:64 0 100G 0 disk
6. 查看虚拟机上的 lvm 和 vg 信息
- [[email protected] ~]# vgs
- VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
- CentOS 2 5 0 wz--n- 498.99g <131.12g
- [[email protected] ~]# lvs
- LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
- home CentOS -wi-ao---- 10.00g
- root CentOS -wi-ao---- 50.00g
- swap CentOS -wi-ao---- <7.88g
- usr CentOS -wi-ao---- 200.00g
- var CentOS -wi-ao---- 100.00g
7. 创建物理分区
- [[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/xvde
- Welcome to fdisk (util-Linux 2.23.2).
- Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
- Be careful before using the write command.
- Device does not contain a recognized partition table
- Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x251e7667.
- Command (m for help): n
- Partition type:
- p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
- e extended
- Select (default p): p
- Partition number (1-4, default 1):
- First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
- Using default value 2048
- Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): t
- Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):
- Using default value 209715199
- Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set
- Command (m for help): t
- Selected partition 1
- Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
- Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/xvde: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
- Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk label type: dos
- Disk identifier: 0x251e7667
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/xvde1 2048 209715199 104856576 8e Linux LVM
- Command (m for help): w
- The partition table has been altered!
- Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
- Syncing disks.
8. 创建物理逻辑卷
- [[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/xvde1
- Physical volume "/dev/xvde1" successfully created.
- [[email protected] ~]# lsblk
- NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
- sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
- xvda 202:0 0 500G 0 disk
├─xvda1 202:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─xvda2 202:2 0 267.9G 0 part
│ ├─CentOS-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm /
│ ├─CentOS-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP]
│ ├─CentOS-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr
│ ├─CentOS-home 253:3 0 10G 0 lvm /home
│ └─CentOS-var 253:4 0 100G 0 lvm /var
└─xvda3 202:3 0 231.1G 0 part
└─CentOS-usr 253:2 0 200G 0 lvm /usr
xvde 202:64 0 100G 0 disk
└─xvde1 202:65 0 100G 0 part
9. 先扩容 lvm 所在的 vg 卷组
- [[email protected] ~]# vgs
- VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
- CentOS 2 5 0 wz--n- 498.99g <131.12g
- [[email protected] ~]# vgextend CentOS /dev/xvde1 ## 扩容卷组 CentOS 的大小
- Volume group "centos" successfully extended
- [[email protected] ~]# vgs
- VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
- CentOS 3 5 0 wz--n- <598.99g 231.11g
10. 接下来扩容 / usr 挂载点空间大小, 并对文件系统进行 xfs_growfs 格式化.
- [[email protected] ~]# lvextend /dev/CentOS/usr /dev/xvde1
- Size of logical volume CentOS/usr changed from 200.00 GiB (51200 extents) to <300.00 GiB (76799 extents).
- Logical volume CentOS/usr successfully resized.
- [[email protected] ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/CentOS/usr
- meta-data=/dev/mapper/CentOS-usr isize=512 agcount=8, agsize=6553600 blks
- = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
- = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
- data = bsize=4096 blocks=52428800, imaxpct=25
- = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
- naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
- log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=12800, version=2
- = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
- realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
- data blocks changed from 52428800 to 78642176
- [[email protected] ~]# df -h
- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
- tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev/shm
- tmpfs 16G 194M 16G 2% /run
- tmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
- /dev/mapper/CentOS-root 50G 123M 50G 1% /
- /dev/mapper/CentOS-usr 300G 200G 101G 67% /usr
- /dev/xvda1 1014M 157M 858M 16% /boot
- /dev/mapper/CentOS-var 100G 773M 100G 1% /var
- /dev/mapper/CentOS-home 10G 10G 20K 100% /home
- nfs1.ccic.com:/nfs/temp 450G 358G 93G 80% /software/temp
- tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/0
- tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/user/1001
- nfs1.ccic.com:/nfs/ccic 450G 358G 93G 80% /software/ccic
- [[email protected] ~]# lvscan
- ACTIVE '/dev/centos/root' [50.00 GiB] inherit
- ACTIVE '/dev/centos/home' [10.00 GiB] inherit
- ACTIVE '/dev/centos/swap' [<7.88 GiB] inherit
- ACTIVE '/dev/centos/usr' [<300.00 GiB] inherit
- ACTIVE '/dev/centos/var' [100.00 GiB] inherit
经验总结
在 centos7.x 上, 可对挂载点 lvm 空间大小进行在线, 不关机弹性缩减和扩容操作, 因此在很多系统环境规划时, 建议使用 lvm 技术, 可以根据应用数据的大小对空间进行弹性扩容操作.
来源: http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-3501627.html