每次写 Python 都会忘记该怎么写, 最后只能去 Stack Overflow 查? 我也一样. 时间一长, 这让人厌倦.
这 15 个 Python 技巧和窍门, 可以帮你提高效率.
1. 交换值
- x,y=1,2
- print(x,y)
- x,y=y,x
- print(x,y)
2. 字符串列表合并为一个字符串
- sentence_list = ["my","name","is","George"]
- sentence_string =" ".join(sentence_list)
- print(sentence_string)
3. 将字符串拆分为子字符串列表
- sentence_string ="my name is George"
- sentence_string.split()
- print(sentence_string)
4. 通过数字填充初始化列表
- [0]*1000# List of1000zeros
- [8.2]*1000# List of10008.2's
5. 字典合并
- x= {
- 'a':1,'b':2
- }
- y= {
- 'b':3,'c':4
- }
- z= {
- **x, **y
- }
6. 反转字符串
- name ="George"
- name[::-1]
7. 从函数返回多个值
- def get_a_string():
- a="George"
- b ="is"
- c ="cool"
- returna, b, c
- sentence= get_a_string()
- (a, b, c) =sentence
8. 列表解析式
- a= [1,2,3]
- b= [num*2for num in a]# Create a new list by multiplying each element in a by 2
9. 遍历字典
- m = {
- 'a':1,'b':2,'c':3,'d':4
- }
- for key,valueinm.items():
- print('{0}: {1}'.format(key,value))
10. 同时遍历列表的索引和值
- m = ['a','b','c','d']
- forindex,valueinenumerate(m):
- print('{0}: {1}'.format(index,value))
11. 初始化空容器
- a_list= list()
- a_dict= dict()
- a_map= map()
- a_set= set()
12. 删除字符串两端的无用字符
- name ="George"
- name_2 ="George///"
- name.strip()# prints "George"
- name_2.strip("/")# prints "George"
13. 列表中出现最多的元素
- test = [1,2,3,4,2,2,3,1,4,4,4]
- print(max(set(test),key= test.count))
14. 检查对象的内存使用情况
- import sys
- x =1
- print(sys.getsizeof(x))
15. 将 dict 转换为 xml
- fromxml.etree.ElementTreeimportElement
- defdict_to_xml(tag, d):
- '''
- Turn a simple dict of key/value pairs into XML
- '''
- elem = Element(tag)
- forkey, valind.items():
- child = Element(key)
- child.text = str(val)
- elem.append(child)
- returnelem
来源: http://www.tuicool.com/articles/jy26nqI