前言
之前只在虚拟机中配过 FTP 服务器, 今天买了云服务器, 发现安装 vsftpd 后就是连不上, 通过搜索了很多资料, 最后找到了解决办法, 系统是 CentOS7, 服务器类型是 ECS
阿里云安全组配置
首先进入你的阿里云控制台, 找到你的服务器实例, 找到本实例安全组, 然后点击配置规则
然后添加安全组策略, 将端口 20/21,1024/65535 添加到白名单
例如:
完了后, 控制台配置这里没有什么问题了, 现在安装 vsftpd
安装 / 配置 Vsftpd
关闭防火墙以及 SeLinux
阿里云的防火墙和 SeLinux 默认是关闭的, 如果打开了最好先关闭这两个
防火墙
查看防火墙状态:
firewall-cmd --state
停止防火墙
syatemctl stop firewalld.service
禁止开机启动 firewall
- systemctl disable firewalld.service
- SeLinux
查看
/usr/sbin/sestatus -v
禁止
VIM /etc/selinux/config
将 SELINUX=enforce 改成 SELINUX=disabled
保存, 重启
安装 vsftpd
yum -y install vsftpd
然后先备份配置文件
cp /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf.backup
在打开配置文件
/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
阿里云的镜像默认配置基本不用更改什么, 默认配置如下:
- # Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
- #
- # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
- # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
- # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
- #
- # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
- # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
- # capabilities.
- #
- # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
- anonymous_enable=YES
- #
- # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
- # When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
- local_enable=YES
- #
- # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
- write_enable=YES
- #
- # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
- # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
- local_umask=022
- #
- # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
- # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
- # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
- # When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
- #anon_upload_enable=YES
- #
- # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
- # new directories.
- #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
- #
- # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
- # go into a certain directory.
- dirmessage_enable=YES
- #
- # Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
- xferlog_enable=YES
- #
- # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
- connect_from_port_20=YES
- #
- # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
- # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
- # recommended!
- #chown_uploads=YES
- #chown_username=whoever
- #
- # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
- # below.
- #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
- #
- # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
- # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
- xferlog_std_format=YES
- #
- # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
- #idle_session_timeout=600
- #
- # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
- #data_connection_timeout=120
- #
- # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
- # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
- #nopriv_user=ftpsecure
- #
- # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
- # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
- # however, may confuse older FTP clients.
- #async_abor_enable=YES
- #
- # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
- # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
- # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
- # the behaviour when these options are disabled.
- # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
- # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
- # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
- # raw file.
- # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
- #ascii_upload_enable=YES
- #ascii_download_enable=YES
- #
- # You may fully customise the login banner string:
- #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
- #
- # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
- # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
- #deny_email_enable=YES
- # (default follows)
- #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
- #
- # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
- # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
- # users to NOT chroot().
- # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
- # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
- # chroot)
- #chroot_local_user=YES
- #chroot_list_enable=YES
- # (default follows)
- #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
- #
- # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
- # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
- # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
- # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
- #ls_recurse_enable=YES
- #
- # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
- # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
- # with the listen_ipv6 directive.
- listen=NO
- #
- # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
- # on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
- # and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
- # sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
- # addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
- # files.
- # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
- listen_ipv6=YES
- pam_service_name=vsftpd
- userlist_enable=YES
- tcp_wrappers=YES
保存配置之后, 重启 Vsftpd
systemctl start vsftpd.service
设置开机自动启动
systemctl enable vsftpd.service
查看 vsftpd 状态
systemctl status vsftpd.service
root 用户链接 vsftpd
在 / etc/vsftpd/ftpusers 和 / etc/vsftpd/user_list 两个文件中的用户是无法链接 ftp 的, 必须打开文件将对应的用户删除
比如: root 用户需要链接 ftp, 打开这两个文件后, 分别注释掉 root 用户, 然后再重启服务器, 就可以登陆了
来源: http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-3362901.html