MySQL 的最新版是 8.0.x 版本, 与 5.x 版本相比, 不仅仅快了很多, 而且还带来了大量的更新和更快的性能, 在读写工作负载, IO 密集型工作负载中有着更加强劲的性能, 使用了 utf-8mb4 作为默认字符集, 同时增强了安全性.
1, 首先安装 rpm, 一个相当于加速的东西.
# rpm -Uvh http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
如有错误, 见本文下面评论栏
2, 列出 CentOS 7.6 当前支持的 MySQL 数据库, 如下面所示
# yum repolist all | grep MySQL
MySQL-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 启用: 118
MySQL-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - Sour 禁用
MySQL-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 启用: 95
MySQL-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用
MySQL-tools-preview/x86_64 MySQL Tools Preview 禁用
MySQL-tools-preview-source MySQL Tools Preview - Source 禁用
mysql55-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.5 Community Server 禁用
mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 禁用
mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL5.7 Community Server 启用: 364
mysql57-community-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server - Sour 禁用
mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 禁用
mysql80-community-source MySQL 8.0 Community Server - Sour 禁用
从上面可以看出, 会默认下载 5.7 版本的 MySQL 数据库, 而 8.0 版本的默认是关闭的, 先把 5.7 的禁用, 启用 MySQL 8.0 数据库.
3, 打开文件, 修改设置
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/MySQL-community.repo
输入命令后显示如下代码, 每一个模块代表一个版本数据库.
其中可以看到 5.7 版本, enabled=1, 改为 enabled=0, 禁用掉
另外可以看到 8.0 版本, enabled=0, 改为 enabled=1, 开启
- [MySQL-connectors-community]
- name=MySQL Connectors Community
- baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/7/$basearch/
- enabled=1
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MySQL
- [MySQL-tools-community]
- name=MySQL Tools Community
- baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/$basearch/
- enabled=1
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MySQL
- # Enable to use MySQL 5.5
- [mysql55-community]
- name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
- baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/7/$basearch/
- enabled=0
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MySQL
- # Enable to use MySQL 5.6
- [mysql56-community]
- name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
- baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/$basearch/
- enabled=0
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MySQL
- [mysql57-community]
- name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
- baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
- enabled=0
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MySQL
- [mysql80-community]
- name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
- baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch/
- enabled=1
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MySQL
- [MySQL-tools-preview]
- name=MySQL Tools Preview
- baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-preview/el/7/$basearch/
- enabled=0
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MySQL
4, 修改完之后查看可以用的 MySQL 版本
- # yum repolist enabled | grep MySQL
- MySQL-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 118
- MySQL-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 95
- mysql80-community/x86_64 MySQL 8.0 Community Server 129
5, 看到有 MySQL 8.0 版本之后, 就可以正式开始安装 MySQL 了.
# yum install -y MySQL-community-server
6, 完成后启动 MySQL
# systemctl start mysqld
7, 查看 MySQL 启动状态
# systemctl status mysqld
8, MySQL 安装完成之后会在 LOG 文件 ( /var/log/mysqld.log) 中生成一个默认的临时密码, 可根据自己的实际情况修改(冒号后面为旧密码).
- 2019-08-24T05:32:58.277335Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.17) initializing of server in progress as process 58121
- 2019-08-24T05:33:04.727785Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: jb_klPPYe12W
- 2019-08-24T05:33:06.400398Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.17) initializing of server has completed
- 2019-08-24T05:33:09.808077Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.17) starting as process 58170
- 2019-08-24T05:33:12.378185Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
- 2019-08-24T05:33:12.428422Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.17' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL.
- 2019-08-24T05:33:12.522176Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock' bind-address: '::' port: 33060
9, 登录 MySQL 并修改 root 密码
- MySQL -uroot -p
- MySQL>ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Linuxidc.com@123';
这里的 Linuxidc.com@123 为新密码.
新密码强度默认为中等, 需要同时有大小写字母, 数字, 特殊符号, 只有修改成功后才能修改配置再设置更简单的密码, 具体见 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2019-08/160317.htm .
来源: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2019-08/160316.htm