- yum -RedHat:CentOS... -xxx.rpm
- sudo apt-get -Debian:Ubuntu... -xxx.deb
安装工具
rpm -ivh yum-2.0.4-1.rh.fr.i386.rpm
yum 源配置
- # 首先备份 / etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
- mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
- # 下载对应版本 repo 文件, 放入 /etc/yum.repos.d/ (操作前请做好相应备份)
- wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
- mv CentOS6-Base-163.repo CentOS-Base.repo
- # 运行以下命令生成缓存
- yum clean all
- yum makecache
常用命令
- # 安装包
- yum install <package_name>
- yum install nginx -y
- yum reinstall nginx -y
- yum -y groupinstall "Development tools" #同时安装所有依赖包
- yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel SQLite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
- sudo apt-get install <package_name>
- sudo apt-get install <package_name> -- reinstall # 重装包
- sudo apt-get -f install #修复安装 "-f = --fix-missing", 有依赖关系时手动可能不成功
- sudo apt-get build-dep <package_name> # 安装相关的编译环境
- sudo dpkg -i package_file.deb # 安装. deb
- # 卸载包
- yum remove <package_name>
- yum erase nginx -y
- sudo apt-get remove <package_name>
- sudo apt-get remove <package_name> -- purge # 删除包, 包括删除配置文件等
- sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove python3.7
- sudo apt-get purge python3.7
- sudo apt-get purge remove <package_name>
- sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove python3.7
- sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean # 清理无用的包
- sudo apt-get check # 检查是否有损坏的依赖
- sudo dpkg -r package_name # 卸载. deb
- sudo apt-get autoclean <package_name> #只删除已过期的 deb
- sudo apt-get autoremove <package_name> #删除为了满足依赖安装现在不需要的包, 保留配置文件
- # 更新包
- yum update <package_name>
- sudo apt-get update <package_name>
- sudo apt-get upgrade <package_name>
- sudo apt-get update # 更新源
- sudo apt-get upgrade # 更新已安装的包
- sudo apt-get dist-upgrade # 升级系统
- sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade # 使用 dselect 升级
- # 其他
- yum search <keyword> # 搜索包
- yum info <package_name> # 获取包信息
- yum list # 列出所有可安装的软件包
- yum list <package_name> # 列出所指定的软件包
- yum list pam* #列出以 pam 开头的所有包
- yum groupinfo Development tools
- yum grouplist | more
- yum grouplist | grep Development
- yum list updates # 列出所有可更新的软件包
- yum list installed # 列出所有已安装的软件包
- yum list extras # 列出所有已安装但不在 Yum Repository 内的软件包
- sudo apt-cache search <package_name> #搜索包
- sudo apt-cache show <package_name> #获取包信息
- sudo apt-get check # 检查系统中已安装软件包的依赖性
- sudo apt-cache depends <package_name> #了解使用依赖
- sudo apt-cache rdepends <package_name> #查看该包被哪些包依赖
- sudo apt-get source <package_name> #下载该包的源代码
来源: http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-3061975.html