在 Windwos 上使用命令窗口操作 MySQL 数据库时, 如果命令窗口的字符编码与数据库不一致时, 就会出现中文乱码的情况
比如查询会出现中文乱码, 或者插入数据会出现错误 "ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value:'\xD5\xC5\xC8\xFD'for column'name'at row 1"
- MySQL> insert into user(name,gender,age) values('张三','男',22);
- ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value: '\xD5\xC5\xC8\xFD' for column 'name' at row 1
- MySQL> select * from user;
- +----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+
- | id | name | gender | age | updated_time |
- +----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+
- | 1 | zhangsan | M | 22 | 2018-10-31 17:03:25 |
| 2 | 寮犱笁 | 鐢? | 22 | 2018-11-01 09:01:43 |
- +----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+
- 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
这时可以先查看下环境编码配置, 我的是 utf8, 结果是下面这样
- MySQL> show variables like 'char%';
- +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
- | character_set_client | utf8 |
- | character_set_connection | utf8 |
- | character_set_database | utf8 |
- | character_set_filesystem | binary |
- | character_set_results | utf8 |
- | character_set_server | utf8 |
- | character_set_system | utf8 |
- | character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\charsets\ |
- +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
- 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看 windwos 命令窗口的的属性可知, 编码格式为 GBK 且不能更改
这时我们可以使用 "set names gbk;" 来指定客户端发送给 MySQL 语句时的编码格式, 并且可以看到 client,connection,results 三个变量的编码格式变为了 gbk, 其它的没有变化
- MySQL> set names gbk;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- MySQL> show variables like 'char%';
- +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
- | character_set_client | gbk |
- | character_set_connection | gbk |
- | character_set_database | utf8 |
- | character_set_filesystem | binary |
- | character_set_results | gbk |
- | character_set_server | utf8 |
- | character_set_system | utf8 |
- | character_sets_dir | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\charsets\ |
- +--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
- 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
再次执行下插入操作没问题了, 查询数据中文也不会乱码了
- MySQL> insert into user(name,gender,age) values('张三','男',22);
- Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
- MySQL> select * from user;
- +----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+
- | id | name | gender | age | updated_time |
- +----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+
- | 1 | zhangsan | M | 22 | 2018-10-31 17:03:25 |
| 2 | 张三 | 男 | 22 | 2018-11-01 09:01:43 |
- +----+----------+--------+-----+---------------------+
- 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
来源: http://database.51cto.com/art/201811/586156.htm