前几天开发突然有这么一个需求, 想导一份 200 多 G 的 mysql 数据出来到另一台机器上, 而且时间有点赶, 第一时间就想要使用 Xtrabackup 来全备与增备. 但想到之前使用 Xtrabackup 来备份恢复的时候出现了各种坑, 就问了下同事有什么好建议来快速导出导入数据, 后来知道了可以使用 select into outfile 导出表数据, 就冒着尝试一下的心里去弄了一下, 得到的结果是惊人的, 个人感觉速度要比 Xtrabackup 快很多.
使用 select into outfile 导出表数据:
- (一个 for 循环定义自己需要操作的数据库名称, 把数据导入到 / data/tmp 目录下)
- for table in `echo oat_inventory_in oat_inventory_out oat_inventory_defective_out oat_reject oat_reject_line oat_goods oat_goods_related oat_order oat_order_line oat_purchase oat_purchase_line oat_invcheck oat_inventory_deal oat_stage_invent oat_inventory oat_receives oat_withdraw oat_deduct oat_order_provide_amount oat_order_coordinate oat_order_distribution oat_refund oat_entity_amount oat_stage_entityfund oat_entity_frozen_detail oat_entity oat_funds_detail`
- do
- echo $table
- mysql -u root -pPassword dbname -e "select * into outfile'/data/tmp/$table.txt'fields terminated by','from $table;"
- done
导出表结构:
- (因为上述只是倒入数据, 而表的结构则需要使用 mysqldump 方式去导出)
- /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -u root -pPassword -d dbname oat_inventory_in oat_inventory_out oat_inventory_defective_out oat_reject oat_reject_line oat_goods oat_goods_related oat_order oat_order_line oat_purchase oat_purchase_line oat_invcheck oat_inventory_deal oat_stage_invent oat_inventory oat_receives oat_withdraw oat_deduct oat_order_provide_amount oat_order_coordinate oat_order_distribution oat_refund oat_entity_amount oat_stage_entityfund oat_entity_frozen_detail oat_entity oat_funds_detail> struct.sql
将导出的结构与数据文件 scp 到目标主机上 (建议数据 scp 之前先压缩):
scp -P 22 /data/tmp/*.gz chenmingle@192.168.1.1:/data
在新的数据库上面导入表结构:
mysql -u root -pPassword dbname < struct.sql
使用 load data infile 导入数据:
- for table in `echo oat_inventory_out oat_inventory_defective_out oat_reject oat_reject_line oat_goods oat_goods_related oat_order oat_order_line oat_purchase oat_purchase_line oat_invcheck oat_inventory_deal oat_stage_invent oat_inventory oat_receives oat_withdraw oat_deduct oat_order_provide_amount oat_order_coordinate oat_order_distribution oat_refund oat_entity_amount oat_stage_entityfund oat_entity_frozen_detail oat_entity oat_funds_detail`
- do
- echo $table
- mysql -u root -pPassword dbname -e "LOAD DATA INFILE'/home/tmp/$table.txt'INTO TABLE $table FIELDS TERMINATED BY','"
- done
来源: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2018-09/154128.htm