Oracle 用户环境变量配置:
- ORACLE_BASE=/orcl/app/oracle
- ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1
- ORACLE_SID=orcl
- export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID
- PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
- export PATH
- export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8
主库:
1. 将 primary 数据库设置为 force logging 模式
- select force_logging from v$database;
- alter database force logging;
2. 创建密码文件 (如果没有)
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl password=syspassword entries=30;
3. 将主库至于归档模式
- shutdown immediate;
- startup mount;
- alter database archivelog;
- alter database open;
- 4. disabled selinux
- cat /etc/selinux/config | grep 'SELINUX'
5. 配置 standby redo log
- select GROUP#,BYTES/1024/1024 size_M,STATUS,ARCHIVED from v$log; # 查询当前日志组大小
- alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standbyrd01.log') size 200M;
- alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standbyrd02.log') size 200M;
- alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standbyrd03.log') size 200M;
- alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standbyrd04.log') size 200M;
- alter database drop standby logfile group 4; # 删除
- select group#,thread#,sequence#,archived,status from v$standby_log; # 验证
6. 生成控制文件
alter database create standby controlfile as '/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/orcldg01.ctl';
7. 生成初始化参数文件
create pfile from spfile;
vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcl.ora(添加以下内容)
- *.log_file_name_convert='/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'
- *.db_unique_name='orcl1'
- *.fal_client='orcl1'
- *.fal_server='orcldg'
- *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl1,orcldg)'
- *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl1'
- *.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcldg LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg'
- *.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
- *.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
- *.standby_file_management='AUTO'
- *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
- *.log_archive_format=%t_%s_%r.arc
- create spfile from pfile='initorcl.ora'
8. 修改 listener.ora 文件
- LISTENER =
- (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
- (DESCRIPTION =
- (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nginx01)(PORT = 1521))
- (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
- )
- )
- SID_LIST_LISTENER =
- (SID_LIST =
- (SID_DESC =
- (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
- (SID_NAME = orcl)
- )
- )
- ADR_BASE_LISTENER=/orcl/app/oracle
9. 修改 tnsnames.ora 文件
- ORCL =
- (DESCRIPTION =
- (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nginx01)(PORT = 1521))
- (CONNECT_DATA =
- (SERVER = DEDICATED)
- (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
- )
- )
- ORCLDG =
- (DESCRIPTION =
- (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = nginx01-dg)(PORT = 1521))
- (CONNECT_DATA =
- (SERVER = DEDICATED)
- (SERVICE_NAME = orcldg)
- )
- )
- 10. shutdown immediate
11. 传输控制文件初始化参数文件监听文件密码文件到备机
- cd /orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin
- scp listener.ora nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin
- scp tnsnames.ora nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin
- scp sqlnet.ora nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin
- cd /orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl
- scp orcldg01.ctl nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
- cd /orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs
- scp initorcl.ora nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs/initorcl.ora
- scp orapworcl nginx01-dg:/orcl/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl
12. 在主库上 RMAN 备份恢复到 standby:
1. 主库启动到 mount 状态, 备库启动到 nomount 状态
- rman target sys/abcd1234@orcl auxiliary sys/abcd1234@orcldg
- duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database; # 主备机目录一致使用 nofilenamecheck 参数
备库:
- 1. disabled selinux
- cat /etc/selinux/config | grep 'SELINUX'
2. 创建目录
- mkdir -p /orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/
- mkdir -p /orcl/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump
3. 修改主库传过来的初始化参数文件 initorcl.ora 文件
- *.control_files='/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/orcldg01.ctl','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/orcldg02.ctl'
- *.log_file_name_convert='/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/'
- *.db_unique_name='orcldg'
- *.fal_client='orcldg'
- *.fal_server='orcl1'
- *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl1,orcldg)'
- *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/orcl/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg'
- *.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl1 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl1'
- *.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
- *.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
- *.standby_file_management='AUTO'
- *.log_archive_format=%t_%s_%r.arc
- *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE
4. listener.ora 和 tnsnames.ora 文件不用做任何修改
5. 启动 (rman 备份恢复完成后)
- alter database mount standby database;
- alter database open read only;
- alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
- alter database set standby database to maximize availability;
6. 查询验证
- select switchover_status,open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name,protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;
- select SEQUENCE#,FIRST_TIME,NEXT_TIME ,APPLIED from v$archived_log order by 1;
- select max(sequence#) from v$log;
7. 关机
- alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
- shutdown immediate;
来源: http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-2502855.html