这里有新鲜出炉的精品教程,程序狗速度看过来!
Struts 是Apache软件基金会(ASF)赞助的一个开源项目。它最初是Jakarta项目中的一个子项目,并在2004年3月成为ASF的顶级项目。它通过采用JavaServlet/JSP技术,实现了基于Java EEWeb应用的MVC设计模式的应用框架,是MVC经典设计模式中的一个经典产品。
这篇文章主要介绍了详解JAVAEE——SSH三大框架整合(spring+struts2+hibernate),具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下
一、整合原理
二、导包(41个)
1.hibernate
(1)hibernate/lib/required
(2)hibernate/lib/jpa | java persist api java的持久化规范(接口)
(3)数据库驱动
2.struts2
(1)struts-blank.war/WEB-INF/lib/*
注意:javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar包与hibernate中的重复(只保留高版本即可)
(2)struts整合spring插件包
注意:这个包一旦导入,那么struts2在启动时就会寻找spring容器.找不到将会抛出异常
3.spring
(1)基本:4+2
core | beans | context | expression | logging | log4j
(2)整合web:web包
spring-web
(3)整合aop:4个
spring-aop | spring-aspect | aop联盟 | aopweaving
(4)整合Hibernate和事务:4个
spring-jdbc | spring-tx | c3p0 | spring-orm
(5)整合junit4测试:test包
spring-test
4.标签库
standard.jar | jstl-1.2.jar
三、单独配置spring容器
1.创建applicationContext.xml,并导入约束(4个) beans | context | aop | tx
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd ">
- <bean name="userAction" class="cn.xyp.web.action.UserAction"></bean>
- </beans>
2.配置spring随项目启动(web.xml)
- <!-- 让spring随web启动而创建的监听器 -->
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <!-- 配置spring配置文件位置参数 -->
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
- </context-param>
四、单独配置struts2
1.配置struts2主配置文件(struts.xml)
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration
- 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
- <struts>
- <package name="crm" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
- <action name="UserAction_*" class="cn.xyp.web.action.UserAction" method="{1}">
- <result name="success">
- /success.jsp
- </result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts>
2.配置struts2核心过滤器到web.xml
- <!-- struts2核心过滤器 -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
五、struts2与spring整合
1.导包(已经导入)
struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.24.jar
2.配置常量
查看默认配置文件从31行开始找到要配置的变量。
- ### if specified, the default object factory can be overridden here
- ### Note: short-hand notation is supported in some cases, such as "spring"
- ### Alternatively, you can provide a com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory subclass name here
- # struts.objectFactory = spring
- ### specifies the autoWiring logic when using the SpringObjectFactory.
- ### valid values are: name, type, auto, and constructor (name is the default)
- struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name
添加常量到struts.xml
- <!-- # struts.objectFactory=s pring 将action的创建交给spring容器 struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire=n
- ame spring负责装配Action依赖属性 -->
- <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring">
- </constant>
3.整合方案1:struts2自己创建action,spring负责组装依赖属性(了解)
- <!-- 整合方案1:class属性上仍然配置action的完整类名
- struts2仍然创建action,由spring负责组装Action中的依赖属性
- -->
- <action name="UserAction_*" class="cn.xyp.web.action.UserAction" method="{1}" >
- <result name="toHome" type="redirect" >/index.htm</result>
- <result name="error" >/login.jsp</result>
- </action>
不推荐理由:最好由spring完整管理action的生命周期.spring中功能才应用到Action上.
4.整合方案2:spring负责创建action以及组装.(推荐)
applicationContext.xml:
- <!-- action -->
- <!-- 注意:Action对象作用范围一定是多例的.这样才符合struts2架构 -->
- <bean name="userAction" class="cn.itcast.web.action.UserAction" scope="prototype" >
- <property name="userService" ref="userService" ></property>
- </bean>
struts.xml:
- <!--
- 整合方案2:class属性上填写spring中action对象的BeanName
- 完全由spring管理action生命周期,包括Action的创建
- 注意:需要手动组装依赖属性
- -->
- <action name="UserAction_*" class="userAction" method="{1}" >
- <result name="toHome" type="redirect" >/index.htm</result>
- <result name="error" >/login.jsp</result>
- </action>
六、单独配置hibernate
1.导入实体类&orm元数据
举例:User.java
- package cn.xyp.web.domain;
- import java.util.HashSet;
- import java.util.Set;
- public class User {
- private Long user_id;
- private String user_code;
- private String user_name;
- private String user_password;
- private Character user_state;
- public Long getUser_id() {
- return user_id;
- }
- public void setUser_id(Long user_id) {
- this.user_id = user_id;
- }
- public String getUser_code() {
- return user_code;
- }
- public void setUser_code(String user_code) {
- this.user_code = user_code;
- }
- public String getUser_name() {
- return user_name;
- }
- public void setUser_name(String user_name) {
- this.user_name = user_name;
- }
- public String getUser_password() {
- return user_password;
- }
- public void setUser_password(String user_password) {
- this.user_password = user_password;
- }
- public Character getUser_state() {
- return user_state;
- }
- public void setUser_state(Character user_state) {
- this.user_state = user_state;
- }@Override public String toString() {
- return "User [user_id=" + user_id + ", user_code=" + user_code + ", user_name=" + user_name + ", user_password=" + user_password + "]";
- }
- }
User.hbm.xml:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-mapping package="cn.xyp.domain" >
- <class name="User" table="sys_user" >
- <id name="user_id" >
- <generator class="native"></generator>
- </id>
- <property name="user_code" ></property>
- <property name="user_name" ></property>
- <property name="user_password" ></property>
- <property name="user_state" ></property>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
2.配置主配置文件(hibernate.xml)
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-configuration>
- <session-factory>
- <!-- 数据库驱动 -->
- <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
- <!-- 数据库url -->
- <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///crm_32</property>
- <!-- 数据库连接用户名 -->
- <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
- <!-- 数据库连接密码 -->
- <property name="hibernate.connection.password">1234</property>
- <!-- 数据库方言
- 注意: MYSQL在选择方言时,请选择最短的方言.
- -->
- <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
- <!-- 将hibernate生成的sql语句打印到控制台 -->
- <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
- <!-- 将hibernate生成的sql语句格式化(语法缩进) -->
- <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
- <!--
- 自动导出表结构. 自动建表
- -->
- <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
- <!-- 引入实体配置文件 -->
- <mapping resource="cn/xyp/domain/Customer.hbm.xml" />
- <mapping resource="cn/xypt/domain/LinkMan.hbm.xml" />
- <mapping resource="cn/xyp/domain/User.hbm.xml" />
- </session-factory>
- </hibernate-configuration>
七、spring整合hibernate
1.整合原理
将sessionFactory对象交给spring容器管理
2.在spring中配置sessionFactory
(1)配置方案一:(了解)
- <!-- 加载配置方案1:仍然使用外部的hibernate.cfg.xml配置信息 -->
- <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" ></property>
- </bean>
(2)配置方案二:(推荐)
- <!-- 加载配置方案2:在spring配置中放置hibernate配置信息 -->
- <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
- <!-- 将连接池注入到sessionFactory, hibernate会通过连接池获得连接 -->
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
- <!-- 配置hibernate基本信息 -->
- <property name="hibernateProperties">
- <props>
- <!-- 必选配置 -->
- <prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class" >com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop>
- <prop key="hibernate.connection.url" >jdbc:mysql:///crm_32</prop>
- <prop key="hibernate.connection.username" >root</prop>
- <prop key="hibernate.connection.password" >1234</prop>
- <prop key="hibernate.dialect" >org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
- <!-- 可选配置 -->
- <prop key="hibernate.show_sql" >true</prop>
- <prop key="hibernate.format_sql" >true</prop>
- <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" >update</prop>
- </props>
- </property>
- <!-- 引入orm元数据,指定orm元数据所在的包路径,spring会自动读取包中的所有配置 -->
- <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations" value="classpath:cn/itcast/domain" ></property>
- </bean>
八、spring整合c3p0连接池
1.配置db.properties
- jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///xyp_crm
- jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
- jdbc.user=root
- jdbc.password=123456
2.引入连接池到spring中
- <!-- 读取db.properties文件 -->
- <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
- <!-- 配置c3p0连接池 -->
- <bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" >
- <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}" ></property>
- <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}" ></property>
- <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" ></property>
- <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" ></property>
- </bean>
3.将连接池注入给SessionFactory
- <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >
- <!-- 将连接池注入到sessionFactory, hibernate会通过连接池获得连接 -->
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
九、spring整合hibernate环境操作数据库
1.Dao类创建:继承HibernateDaoSupport
注意:项目中要确保使用统一版本。
- //HibernateDaoSupport 为dao注入sessionFactory
- public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
2.hibernate模板的操作
(1)execute
- @Override
- public User getByUserCode(final String usercode) {
- //HQL
- return getHibernateTemplate().execute(new HibernateCallback<User>() {
- @Override
- public User doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException {
- String hql = "from User where user_code = ? ";
- Query query = session.createQuery(hql);
- query.setParameter(0, usercode);
- User user = (User) query.uniqueResult();
- return user;
- }
- });
(2)findByCriteria
- //Criteria
- DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(User.class);
- dc.add(Restrictions.eq("user_code", usercode));
- List < User > list = (List < User > ) getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(dc);
- if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
- return list.get(0);
- } else {
- return null;
- }
3.spring中配置dao
- <!-- Dao -->
- <bean name="userDao" class="cn.xyp.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl" >
- <!-- 注入sessionFactory -->
- <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
- </bean>
十、spring的aop事务
1.准备工作
- <!-- 核心事务管理器 -->
- <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager" >
- <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" ></property>
- </bean>
2.xml配置aop事务
(1)配置通知
- <!-- 配置通知 -->
- <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager" >
- <tx:attributes>
- <tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
- <tx:method name="persist*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
- <tx:method name="update*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
- <tx:method name="modify*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
- <tx:method name="delete*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
- <tx:method name="remove*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
- <tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
- <tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
- </tx:attributes>
- </tx:advice>
(2)配置织入
- <!-- 配置将通知织入目标对象
- 配置切点
- 配置切面 -->
- <aop:config>
- <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* cn.itcast.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" id="txPc"/>
- <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPc" />
- </aop:config>
3.注解配置aop事务
(1)开启注解事务
- <!-- 开启注解事务 -->
- <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
(2)Service类中使用注解
- @Transactional(isolation=Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ,propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=true)
- public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
- @Override
- @Transactional(isolation=Isolation.REPEATABLE_READ,propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly=false)
- public void saveUser(User u) {
- ud.save(u);
- }
十一、扩大session作用范围
1.配置filter
为了避免使用懒加载时出现no-session问题.需要扩大session的作用范围。
- <!-- 扩大session作用范围
- 注意: 任何filter一定要在struts的filter之前调用
- 因为struts是不会放行的
- -->
- <filter>
- <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
十二、练习:用户登录
1.struts.xml核心配置
- <struts>
- <!-- # struts.objectFactory=s pring 将action的创建交给spring容器 struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire=n
- ame spring负责装配Action依赖属性 -->
- <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring">
- </constant>
- <package name="crm" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
- <global-exception-mappings>
- <exception-mapping result="error" exception="java.lang.RuntimeException">
- </exception-mapping>
- </global-exception-mappings>
- <!-- 整合方案:class属性上填写spring中action对象的BeanName 完全由spring管理action生命周期,包括Action的创建
- 注意:需要手动组装依赖属性 -->
- <action name="UserAction_*" class="userAction" method="{1}">
- <result name="toHome" type="redirect">
- /index.htm
- </result>
- <result name="error">
- /login.jsp
- </result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts>
2.Action代码
- public class UserAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven < User > {
- private User user = new User();
- private UserService userService;
- public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
- this.userService = userService;
- }
- public String login() throws Exception {
- //1 调用Service执行登陆逻辑
- User u = userService.getUserByCodePassword(user);
- //2 将返回的User对象放入session域
- ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user", u);
- //3 重定向到项目首页
- return "toHome";
- }
- @Override public User getModel() {
- return user;
- }
- }
2.Service核心代码
- public User getUserByCodePassword(User u) {
- // 1 根据登陆名称查询登陆用户
- User existU = ud.getByUserCode(u.getUser_code());
- // 2 判断用户是否存在.不存在=>抛出异常,提示用户名不存在
- if (existU == null) {
- throw new RuntimeException("用户名不存在!");
- }
- // 3 判断用户密码是否正确=>不正确=>抛出异常,提示密码错误
- if (!existU.getUser_password().equals(u.getUser_password())) {
- throw new RuntimeException("密码错误!");
- }
- // 4 返回查询到的用户对象
- return existU;
- }
3.Dao核心代码
- public User getByUserCode(final String usercode) {
- //Criteria
- DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(User.class);
- dc.add(Restrictions.eq("user_code", usercode));
- List < User > list = (List < User > ) getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(dc);
- if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
- return list.get(0);
- } else {
- return null;
- }
- }
来源: http://www.phperz.com/article/17/1211/356648.html