在CentOS7下,官方提供的MySQL的rpm包就是MariaDB,可查看MariaDB包信息。
- [root@host ~]$rpm -qi mariadb # 需要先安装该包
- Name : mariadb # 名称
- Epoch : 1
- Version : 5.5.52 # 版本
- Release : 1.el7 # 发行版
- Architecture: x86_64 # 支持安装的CPU架构
- Install Date: Mon 24 Apr 2017 08:44:48 AM CST #安装时间
- Group : Applications/Databases
- Size : 50855896
- License : GPLv2 with exceptions and LGPLv2 and BSD
- Signature : RSA/SHA256, Mon 21 Nov 2016 03:23:55 AM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
- Source RPM : mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.src.rpm
- Build Date : Tue 15 Nov 2016 09:20:59 AM CST
- Build Host : c1bm.rdu2.centos.org
- Relocations : (not relocatable)
- Packager : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
- Vendor : CentOS
- URL : http://mariadb.org
- Summary : A community developed branch of MySQL
- Description : # 描述
- MariaDB is a community developed branch of MySQL.
- MariaDB is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server.
- It is a client/server implementation consisting of a server daemon (mysqld)
- and many different client programs and libraries. The base package
- contains the standard MariaDB/MySQL client programs and generic MySQL files.
根据最后一项——Description描述,MariaDB属于MySQL的社区开发分支。
同时,MariaDB是一款支持多用户、多线程的SQL数据库服务器。
MariaDB采用C/S架构,mysqld作为服务器进程,还有许多的客服端程序和库。
格式
- mysql[OPTIONS][database]
常用选项
- - u,
- --user = username:用户名,默认为root; - h,
- --host = hostname:远程主机(即mysql服务器)地址,默认为localhost;客户端连接服务端,服务器会反解客户的IP为主机名,关闭此功能 (skip_name_resolve = ON); - p,
- --password[ = PASSWORD]:USERNAME所表示的用户的密码;默认为空;
- 注意:mysql的用户账号由两部分组成:'USERNAME'@'HOST';其中HOST用于限制此用户可通过哪些远程主机连接当前的mysql服务;HOST的表示方式,支持使用通配符: % :匹配任意长度的任意字符;172.16. % . % ,
- 172.16.0.0 / 16 _:匹配任意单个字符;
- - P,
- --port = #:mysql服务器监听的端口;默认为3306 / tcp; - S,
- --socket = /PATH/TO / mysql.sock:套按字文件路径; - D,
- --database = DB_name:连接到服务器端之后,设定其处指明的数据库为默认数据库; - e,
- --execute = 'SQL STATEMENT':连接至服务器并让其执行此命令后直接返回;
注:在上面的选项中,选项和参数之间可以不使用空格分开。
示例登录mysql
- [root@host ~]$mysql -uroot -p#账号root, 选项和参数可以不分开
- Enter password:
- Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
- Your MariaDB connection id is 54
- Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server
- Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
- Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
- MariaDB [(none)]> #表示登录成功
- MariaDB[(none)] > help
- General information about MariaDB can be found at http: //mariadb.org
- List of all MySQL commands: Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';' ? (\ ? ) Synonym
- for`help '. #查看帮助
- clear (\c) Clear the current input statement. # 清空当前输入的语句
- connect (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host. # 重新连接服务器
- delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter. # 设置语句分隔符(结束符),默认为分号';
- '
- edit (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR. # 编辑命令
- ego (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically. #发送命令至服务器,垂直显示结果
- exit (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.#退出
- go (\g) Send command to mysql server. # 发送命令至服务器
- help (\h) Display this help.#查看帮助
- quit (\q) Quit mysql.#退出
- source (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument. # 读取SQL脚本
- system (\!) Execute a system shell command. # 执行shell命令
- tee (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile. # 设置输出文件
- use (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument. # 指定数据库
- charset (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets. # 指定字符集
- warnings (\W) Show warnings after every statement. # 显示警告信息
- nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.#不显示警告信息
查看mysql服务端帮助信息,可使用help contents:
- MariaDB [(none)]> help contents
- You asked for help about help category: "Contents"
- For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following
- categories:
- Account Management # 账户管理语句
- Administration # 管理员
- Compound Statements
- Data Definition # 数据定义语句
- Data Manipulation # 数据操作语句
- Data Types # 数据类型
- Functions # 函数
- Functions and Modifiers for Use with GROUP BY
- Geographic Features
- Help Metadata
- Language Structure
- Plugins
- Procedures
- Table Maintenance
- Transactions
- User-Defined Functions
- Utility
要查看某一类命令或者某单一命令使用,均可使用help KEYWORD查看,例如:
- MariaDB [(none)]> help Data Definition;
- You asked for help about help category: "Data Definition"
- For more information, type 'help <item>', where <item> is one of the following
- topics:
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER EVENT
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ...
- RENAME TABLE
- TRUNCATE TABLE
- MariaDB [(none)]> help create table;
- Name: 'CREATE TABLE'
- Description:
- Syntax:
- CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
- (create_definition,...)
- [table_options]
- [partition_options]
- Or:
- CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
- [(create_definition,...)]
- [table_options]
- [partition_options]
- select_statement
- Or:
- CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
- { LIKE old_tbl_name | (LIKE old_tbl_name) }
- ...
- 自动增长类型
- AUTO_INCREMENT
- 字符型:
- char/binary varchar/varbinary
- text/ngtext/blob/ediumblob/longblob
- set/enum
- 数值型
- int/tinyint/smallint/mediumint/bigint
- decimal
- float/double
- 日期型
- date/time/datetime/timestamp/year(2,4)
- USE db_name
- CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name;
- [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name # 设置字符集
- [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name # 设置排序方式
- SHOW CHARACTER SET # 查看支持的所有的字符集
- SHOW COLLATION # 查看支持的所有排序方式
- ALTER {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [db_name]
- DROP {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF EXISTS] db_name
- SHOW {DATABASES | SCHEMAS}
- [LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE expr]
- CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
- (create_definition,...) # 字段定义
- [table_options] # 数据表的基本设置
- [partition_options] # 分割选项
- ALTER [ONLINE | OFFLINE] [IGNORE] TABLE tbl_name
- [alter_specification [, alter_specification] ...]
- [partition_options]
- DROP [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF EXISTS]
- tbl_name [, tbl_name] ...
- [RESTRICT | CASCADE]
- SELECT
- [ALL | DISTINCT | DISTINCTROW ]
- [HIGH_PRIORITY]
- [STRAIGHT_JOIN]
- [SQL_SMALL_RESULT] [SQL_BIG_RESULT] [SQL_BUFFER_RESULT]
- [SQL_CACHE | SQL_NO_CACHE] [SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS]
- select_expr [, select_expr ...]
- [FROM table_references
- [WHERE where_condition]
- [GROUP BY {col_name | expr | position}
- [ASC | DESC], ... [WITH ROLLUP]]
- [HAVING where_condition]
- [ORDER BY {col_name | expr | position}
- [ASC | DESC], ...]
- [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count | row_count OFFSET offset}]
- [PROCEDURE procedure_name(argument_list)]
- [INTO OUTFILE 'file_name'
- [CHARACTER SET charset_name]
- export_options
- | INTO DUMPFILE 'file_name'
- | INTO var_name [, var_name]]
- [FOR UPDATE | LOCK IN SHARE MODE]]
- INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]
- [INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)]
- {VALUES | VALUE} ({expr | DEFAULT},...),(...),...
- [ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
- col_name=expr
- [, col_name=expr] ... ]
- Single-table syntax:
- DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE] FROM tbl_name
- [WHERE where_condition]
- [ORDER BY ...]
- [LIMIT row_count]
- Multiple-table syntax:
- DELETE [LOW_PRIORITY] [QUICK] [IGNORE]
- tbl_name[.*] [, tbl_name[.*]] ...
- FROM table_references
- [WHERE where_condition]
- Single-table syntax:
- UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_reference
- SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
- [WHERE where_condition]
- [ORDER BY ...]
- [LIMIT row_count]
- Multiple-table syntax:
- UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_references
- SET col_name1={expr1|DEFAULT} [, col_name2={expr2|DEFAULT}] ...
- [WHERE where_condition]
- CREATE USER user_specification
- [, user_specification] ...
- user_specification:
- user
- [
- IDENTIFIED BY [PASSWORD] 'password'
- | IDENTIFIED WITH auth_plugin [AS 'auth_string']
- ]
- DROP USER user[, user]...
- GRANT
- priv_type [(column_list)]
- [, priv_type [(column_list)]] ...
- ON [object_type] priv_level
- TO user_specification [, user_specification] ...
- [REQUIRE {NONE | ssl_option [[AND] ssl_option] ...}]
- [WITH with_option ...]
- GRANT PROXY ON user_specification
- TO user_specification [, user_specification] ...
- [WITH GRANT OPTION]
- REVOKE
- priv_type [(column_list)]
- [, priv_type [(column_list)]] ...
- ON [object_type] priv_level
- FROM user [, user] ...
- REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT OPTION
- FROM user [, user] ...
- REVOKE PROXY ON user
- FROM user [, user] ...
更多MariaDB相关教程见以下内容:
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 上安装 Nginx、MariaDB 和 HHVM 运行 WordPress http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-10/136435.htm
Ubuntu 16.04 Dockerfile 安装MariaDB http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-09/135260.htm
Linux系统教程:如何检查MariaDB服务端版本 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/122382.htm
Ubuntu 16.04下如何安装MariaDB http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-04/142915.htm
CentOS 7.3二进制安装MariaDB10.2.8步骤 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-10/147904.htm
CentOS 7 编译安装MariaDB-10.1.22 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-05/143291.htm
Ubuntu 上如何将 MySQL 5.5 数据库迁移到 MariaDB 10 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109471.htm
[翻译]Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty) Server 安装 MariaDB http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-12/110048htm
Ubuntu 14.04(Trusty)安装MariaDB 10数据库 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-11/136833.htm
MariaDB 的详细介绍:请点这里
MariaDB 的下载地址:请点这里
来源: http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-10/148099.htm