put schema pat client distrib clear tar binlog centos
安装环境:Centos6.5
mysql版本:mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz
一:安装前准备:
1.安装一些依赖库
- yum install cmake gcc gcc - c++ncurses - devel bison perl zilb - devel libio - devel perl - devel - y
2.创建mysql用户与用户组
- [root@oracle ~]# groupadd mysql
- [root@oracle ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
- [root@oracle ~]# id mysql
- uid=501(mysql) gid=501(mysql) 组=501(mysql)
3.创建mysql数据存放目录,设定安装两个实例3306,3307
- [root@oracle ~]# mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
- [root@oracle ~]# tree /data
- /data
- ├── 3306
- │ └── data
- └── 3307
- └── data
4.编译安装
- tar zxvf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz
- cd mysql-5.5.32
- cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DDEFAULT-CHARSET=utf8 -DMYSQL_USER=mysql
- make
- make install
5.分别复制my.cnf配置文件和mysql启动脚本到/data/3306和3307下
- [root@oracle support-files]# cp my-huge.cnf /data/3306/my.cnf
- [root@oracle support-files]# cp my-huge.cnf /data/3307/my.cnf
- [root@oracle support-files]# cp mysql.server /data/3306/mysql
- [root@oracle support-files]# cp mysql.server /data/3307/mysql
6.修改/data目录属主
- [root@oracle~]#chown - R mysql: mysql / data
7.修改3306,3307实例的配置文件
- 以3306实例为例,3307修改相应位置内容
- # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
- [client]
- #password = your_password
- port = 3306
- socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock
- # The MySQL server
- [mysqld]
- port = 3306
- socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock
- skip-external-locking
- key_buffer_size = 384M
- max_allowed_packet = 1M
- table_open_cache = 512
- sort_buffer_size = 2M
- read_buffer_size = 2M
- read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
- myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
- thread_cache_size = 8
- query_cache_size = 32M
- # Try number of CPU‘s*2 for thread_concurrency
- thread_concurrency = 8
- datadir=/data/3306/data
- .......略过一段..........
log-bin=mysql-bin #开启二进制日志 ,从服务器不需要开启二进制日志,3307实例注释掉这行
server-id = 1 #实例的server-id不能相同,可以设置3307的server-id = 2
my.cnf文件末尾添加 [mysqld_safe]段,定义每个实例的错误日志文件,pid进程位置等
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/3306/3306.err
pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid
8,修改3306,3307实例的启动脚本文件内容
- 1.找到basedir=和datadir=两行,在后面加上mysql的安装目录路径和数据存放路径
- basedir=/usr/local/mysql
- datadir=/data/3306/data
- 2.定位到283行:
$bindir/mysqld_safe--datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
改为:
$bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir/my.cnf" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
3307实例也修改对应位置
9.给3306,3307的启动脚本执行权限
- [root@oracle 3306]# chmod 755 mysql
- [root@oracle 3307]# chmod 755 mysql
10.初始化数据库
- [root@oracle ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/
- [root@oracle scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306/data
- [root@oracle scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3307/data
- 到数据存放目录查看一下
[root@oracle ~]# cd /data/3306/data/ #同样查看3307
[root@oracle data]# ls
mysql performance_schema test
[root@oracle data]#
11.启动mysql
启动3306实例
[root@oracle ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
[1] 6083
查看一下
[root@oracle ~]# netstat -tunlp | grep mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6372/mysqld
启动3307实例
[root@oracle ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
[2] 6393
[root@oracle ~]# netstat -tnlp | grep mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3307 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6670/mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6372/mysqld
启动成功。
再看一下/data目录下
12.给数据库设置密码提示错误 -bash: mysqladmin: command not found
- [root@oracle 3306]# mysqladmin
- -bash: mysqladmin: command not found
- [root@oracle 3306]#
执行指令系统默认是到 /usr/sbin 下寻找调用指令的,将/usr/local/mysql/bin/ 下的几个常用管理命令创建软连接到/usr/sbin下,以后使用mysql指令就不需要用绝对路径了
- [root@oracle 3306]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/sbin/
- [root@oracle 3306]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/sbin/
- [root@oracle 3306]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/sbin/
设置密码
- [root@oracle 3306]# mysqladmin -u root password root123 -s /data/3306/mysql.scok
- [root@oracle 3306]# mysqladmin -u root password root123 -s /data/3307/mysql.scok
登录数据库出现错误,登录被拒绝。
- [root@oracle 3306]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
- Enter password:
- ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: YES)
- 登录被拒绝...这个让我郁闷了一会...
- 先跳过权限表登录,再修改密码
mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --skip-grant-table &
再登录
mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
[root@oracle 3306]# mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.32-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select user,password,host from mysql.user;
+------+----------+-----------+
| user | password | host |
+------+----------+-----------+
| root | | localhost |
| root | | oracle |
| root | | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | | ::1 |
| | | localhost |
| | | oracle |
+------+----------+-----------+
6 rows in set (0.03 sec)
(郁闷:前面设置的密码这里查询怎么是为空呢。。。。)
先删除user名称为空的用户
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> delete from user where user=‘‘;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.03 sec)
修改密码
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD(‘root123456‘) where user = ‘root‘;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0
退出后重启一下服务,登录成功(几乎每次刚安装好后登录都会遇到这个问题。。。)
- 这里总结一下多实例的启动,关闭,登录的指令:
- 启动指令:mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
- 关闭指令:mysqladmin -S /data/3306/mysql.sock shutdown (有密码要指定-u , -p选项)
- 登录指令:mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
- 指定实例登录跳过权限表:
- 跳过权限:mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables
- 跳过权限登录:mysql -uroot -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
//////////////////////////////////////***************************//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
同理,3307实例也遇到了登录问题,使用同样的方式解决即可。下面开始进行主从复制配置。
主库端的配置:
1.主库中添加一个用于主从之间通信的用户并授权
- mysql > grant file on * . * to‘backup‘@‘192.168. % . % ‘identified by‘root123456‘;
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to ‘backup‘@‘192.168.%.%‘ identified by ‘root123456‘;
2.检查一下主库二进制是否开启了
- mysql> show variables like ‘log_bin‘;
- +---------------+-------+
- | Variable_name | Value |
- +---------------+-------+
- | log_bin | ON |
- +---------------+-------+
- 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
- 再查看当前二进制记录信息
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000004 | 410 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从库端配置
- 在从库执行master change to 配置主从库连接参数(忘记指令可以在mysql中执行help master change to查看)
- mysql> use mysql;
- mysql> change master to \
-> master_host=‘192.168.214.133‘\
-> master_user=‘backup‘\
-> master_password=‘root123456‘\
-> master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000004‘\
-> master_log_pos=410;
启动从库slave
- mysql> start slave;
- Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
- 查看slave是不是启动正常了
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.214.133
Master_User: backup
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 410
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 253
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 410
Relay_Log_Space: 410
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
接下来,在主库中创建一个数据库,测试主从复制功能。
- mysql> show tables;
- +----------------+
- | Tables_in_demo |
- +----------------+
- | test |
- +----------------+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> desc test;
- +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
- +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- | id | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
- | name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
- +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
- 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> insert into test values (‘344‘,‘testname‘);
- Query OK, 1 row affected (0.36 sec)
- mysql> select * from test;
- +------+----------+
- | id | name |
- +------+----------+
- | 344 | testname |
- +------+----------+
- 1 row in set (0.44 sec)
- mysql>
再看从库同步的信息
- mysql> show databases;
- +--------------------+
- | Database |
- +--------------------+
- | information_schema |
- | demo |
- | mysql |
- | performance_schema |
- | test |
- +--------------------+
- 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> select * from demo.test;
- +------+----------+
- | id | name |
- +------+----------+
- | 344 | testname |
- +------+----------+
- 1 row in set (0.01 sec)
可以看到主从库信息同步也正常。
mysql多实例-主从复制安装
来源: http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-2361920.html