lvm vg pv linux 配置lvm 扩展lvm
LVM简介
LVM是 Logical Volume Manager(逻辑卷管理)的简写,它是Linux环境下对磁盘分区进行管理的一种机制,LVM是建立在硬盘和 分区之上的一个逻辑层,来提高磁盘分区管理的灵活性。LVM将若干个磁盘分区连接为一个整块的卷组 (volumegroup),形成一个存储池。管理员可以在卷组上随意创建逻辑卷组(logicalvolumes),并进一步在逻辑卷组上创建文件系 统。
与传统的磁盘与分区相比,LVM为计算机提供了更高层次的磁盘存储。它使系统管理员可以更方便的为应用与用户分配存储空间。在LVM管理下的存储卷可以按需要随时改变大小与移除(可能需对文件系统工具进行升级)。 LVM是在磁盘分区和文件系统之间添加的一个逻辑层,来为文件系统屏蔽下层磁盘分区布局,提供一个抽象的盘卷,在盘卷上建立文件系统。
基本的逻辑卷管理概念:
物理卷 (physical volume)
物理卷就是指硬盘分区或从逻辑上与磁盘分区具有同样功能的设备(如RAID),是LVM的基本存储逻辑块,但和基本的物理存储介质(如分区、磁盘等)比较,却包含有与LVM相关的管理参数。
卷组 (Volume Group)
LVM卷组类似于非LVM系统中的物理硬盘,其由物理卷组成。可以在卷组上创建一个或多个“LVM分区”(逻辑卷),LVM卷组由一个或多个物理卷组成。
逻辑卷(logical volume)
LVM的逻辑卷类似于非LVM系统中的硬盘分区,在逻辑卷之上可以建立文件系统(比如/home或者/usr等)。
PE (physical extent)
每一个物理卷被划分为称为PE(Physical Extents)的基本单元,具有唯一编号的PE是可以被LVM寻址的最小单元。PE的大小是可配置的,默认为4MB。
LE (logical extent)
逻辑卷也被划分为被称为LE(Logical Extents) 的可被寻址的基本单位。在同一个卷组中,LE的大小和PE是相同的,并且一一对应。
如下图所示PV、VG、LV三者关系:
系统环境
系统环境: Centos 6.6 最小化安装
LVM管理工具: lvm2-2.02.143-12.el6.
磁盘分区:挂载/dev/sdb 、/dev/sdc 、/dev/sdd、/dev/sde 、/dev/sdf、 /dev/sdg 共6块磁盘
实验目的:
1、通过LVM管理工具,分别创建pv、vg 和lvm。
2、模拟扩展和缩减LVM,模拟扩展或缩减VG
3、卸载LVM,删除LVM
一、设置磁盘(虚拟机中增加6块20G磁盘),安装LVM 管理工具。
在Vmware 虚拟机中,增加8块磁盘 。
- [[email protected] /]# fdisk -l #查看磁盘状态
- Disk /dev/sda: 128.8 GB, 128849018880 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 15665 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x000c6c5f
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sda1 * 1 256 2048000 83 Linux
- Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
- /dev/sda2 256 511 2048000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
- Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
- /dev/sda3 511 3060 20480000 83 Linux
- Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- .....
- Disk /dev/sdf: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- Disk /dev/sdg: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- [[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa |grep lvm #确认lvm管理工具是否安装
- [[email protected] ~]# yum install lvm* -y #安装lvm管理
二、对增加的磁盘进行分区并修改分区类型为8e(Linux LVM)
- [[email protected] /]# fdisk /dev/sdb #对硬盘/dev/sdb 进行分区并调整分区类型
- Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
- Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xb9977492.
- Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
- After that, of course, the previous content won‘t be recoverable.
- Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
- WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It‘s strongly recommended to
- switch off the mode (command ‘c‘) and change display units to
- sectors (command ‘u‘).
- Command (m for help): m
- Command action
- a toggle a bootable flag
- b edit bsd disklabel
- c toggle the dos compatibility flag
- d delete a partition
- l list known partition types
- m print this menu
- n add a new partition
- o create a new empty DOS partition table
- p print the partition table
- q quit without saving changes
- s create a new empty Sun disklabel
- t change a partition‘s system id
- u change display/entry units
- v verify the partition table
- w write table to disk and exit
- x extra functionality (experts only)
- Command (m for help): n
- Command action
- e extended
- p primary partition (1-4)
- p
- Partition number (1-4): 1
- First cylinder (1-2610, default 1):
- Using default value 1
- Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610):
- Using default value 2610
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0xb9977492
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux
- Command (m for help): t
- Selected partition 1
- Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
- Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
- Command (m for help): p
- Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0xb9977492
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 8e Linux LVM
- Command (m for help): w
- The partition table has been altered!
- Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
- Syncing disks.
说明:#fdisk /dev/sdb 对其他磁盘进行分区;
输入"m", 获取帮助;
输入"p", 查看分区前磁盘状态;
输入“n”,新建磁盘分区;
输入“e”,新建逻辑分区;
输入“p”,新建主分区;
输入“t”,修改分区类型;
输入“8e”,调整为linux LVM 类型 ;
输入“p”,显示分区状态表;
输入“w”,保存新建分区。
以同样的方式,对其他磁盘进行分区。磁盘分区完成后结果如下:
- [[email protected] / ]# fdisk - l
- Disk / dev / sdb: 21.5 GB,
- 21474836480 bytes
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System / dev / sdb1 1 2610 20964793 + 8e Linux LVM
- Disk / dev / sdc: 21.5 GB,
- 21474836480 bytes
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System / dev / sdc1 1 2610 20964793 + 8e Linux LVM
- Disk / dev / sdd: 21.5 GB,
- 21474836480 bytes
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System / dev / sdd1 1 2610 20964793 + 8e Linux LVM
- Disk / dev / sde: 21.5 GB,
- 21474836480 bytes
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System / dev / sde1 1 2610 20964793 + 8e Linux LVM
- Disk / dev / sdf: 21.5 GB,
- 21474836480 bytes
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System / dev / sdf1 1 2610 20964793 + 8e Linux LVM
- Disk / dev / sdg: 21.5 GB,
- 21474836480 bytes
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System / dev / sdg1 1 2610 20964793 + 8e Linux LVM
三、创建PV 物理卷
- [[email protected] /]# pvcreate /dev/sd{b..g}1 #对磁盘分区分别创建PV
- Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
- Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created
- Physical volume "/dev/sdd1" successfully created
- Physical volume "/dev/sde1" successfully created
- Physical volume "/dev/sdf1" successfully created
- Physical volume "/dev/sdg1" successfully created
- [[email protected] dev]# pvdisplay
- --- Physical volume ---
- PV Name /dev/sdd1
- VG Name myvg2
- PV Size 19.99 GiB / not usable 1.43 MiB
- Allocatable yes (but full)
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 5118
- Free PE 0
- Allocated PE 5118
- PV UUID PJp0SF-3H2d-zfXe-fAve-1JmW-FsSm-itsC2q
- --- Physical volume ---
- PV Name /dev/sde1
- VG Name myvg2
- PV Size 19.99 GiB / not usable 1.43 MiB
- Allocatable yes (but full)
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 5118
- Free PE 0
- Allocated PE 5118
- PV UUID qbLHW1-NNam-qCPS-zphy-tEzx-Cb39-j2u4Uf
- --- Physical volume ---
- PV Name /dev/sdf1
- VG Name myvg2
- PV Size 19.99 GiB / not usable 1.43 MiB
- Allocatable yes (but full)
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 5118
- Free PE 0
- Allocated PE 5118
- PV UUID xooWla-DpOK-Jca8-2QKF-j29H-Tsgc-5Lamtv
- --- Physical volume ---
- PV Name /dev/sdg1
- VG Name myvg2
- PV Size 19.99 GiB / not usable 1.43 MiB
- Allocatable yes
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 5118
- Free PE 5112
- Allocated PE 6
- PV UUID OHvLBz-c3Kw-Gq0H-48ty-5Zyg-B1nC-U0b0dg
- --- Physical volume ---
- PV Name /dev/sdc1
- VG Name myvg1
- PV Size 19.99 GiB / not usable 1.43 MiB
- Allocatable yes (but full)
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 5118
- Free PE 0
- Allocated PE 5118
- PV UUID LxdE2p-ER9f-TZyQ-Kcf3-6pEr-zA3r-HKHgSG
- --- Physical volume ---
- PV Name /dev/sdb1
- VG Name myvg1
- PV Size 19.99 GiB / not usable 1.43 MiB
- Allocatable yes
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 5118
- Free PE 2556
- Allocated PE 2562
- PV UUID 5T4fjJ-lSWx-jny5-chTp-w7Wk-3bTC-iJ6sIt
- [[email protected] ~]# pvscan #查看PV简要信息
- PV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [19.99 GiB]
- PV /dev/sdc1 lvm2 [19.99 GiB]
- PV /dev/sdd1 lvm2 [19.99 GiB]
- PV /dev/sde1 lvm2 [19.99 GiB]
- PV /dev/sdf1 lvm2 [19.99 GiB]
- PV /dev/sdg1 lvm2 [19.99 GiB]
- Total: 6 [119.96 GiB] / in use: 0 [0 ] / in no VG: 6 [119.96 GiB]
- [[email protected] ~]# pvs #查看PV简要信息
- PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
- /dev/sdb1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdc1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdd1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sde1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdf1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdg1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
说明:#pvcreate /dev/sd{b..g}1 创建pv物理卷;
# pvdisplay | pvs |pvscan 查看pv状态信息
PV Name, 物理卷名;
VG Name, 所属卷组名;
PV Size,物理卷大小;
PV UUID ,PV UUID 号
四、创建myvg1、myvg2 卷组
- [[email protected] ~]# vgcreate myvg1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 #创建vg卷组myvg1 ,使用物理卷/dev/sdb1 和 /dev/sdc1
- Volume group "myvg1" successfully created
- [[email protected] ~]# vgcreate myvg2 /dev/sd{d..g}1 #创建vg卷组myvg2,使用物理卷/dev/sdd1、/dev/sde1、/dev/sdf1 、/dev/sdg1
- Volume group "myvg2" successfully created
- [[email protected] dev]# vgdisplay
- --- Volume group ---
- VG Name myvg2
- System ID
- Format lvm2
- Metadata Areas 4
- Metadata Sequence No 2
- VG Access read/write
- VG Status resizable
- MAX LV 0
- Cur LV 1
- Open LV 1
- Max PV 0
- Cur PV 4
- Act PV 4
- VG Size 79.97 GiB
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 20472
- Alloc PE / Size 15360 / 60.00 GiB
- Free PE / Size 5112 / 19.97 GiB
- VG UUID xcT3bS-xjke-tGEI-GL0p-hRe4-3WAs-72355D
- --- Volume group ---
- VG Name myvg1
- System ID
- Format lvm2
- Metadata Areas 2
- Metadata Sequence No 8
- VG Access read/write
- VG Status resizable
- MAX LV 0
- Cur LV 1
- Open LV 1
- Max PV 0
- Cur PV 2
- Act PV 2
- VG Size 39.98 GiB
- PE Size 4.00 MiB
- Total PE 10236
- Alloc PE / Size 7680 / 30.00 GiB
- Free PE / Size 2556 / 9.98 GiB
- VG UUID rASgft-0OPt-5blH-BACG-oR4b-glCX-7OJZcF
- [[email protected] ~]# vgscan #查看vg简要信息
- Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
- Found volume group "myvg2" using metadata type lvm2
- Found volume group "myvg1" using metadata type lvm2
- [[email protected] ~]# vgs
- VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
- myvg1 2 0 0 wz--n- 39.98g 39.98g
- myvg2 4 0 0 wz--n- 79.97g 79.97g
说明:#vgcreate myvg1 /dev/sd{b..c}1 创建myvg1卷组;
# vgdisplay | vgs |vgscan 查看vg状态信息
VG Name, 卷组名;
VG Size,卷组Size大小;
PE Size ,PE的大小,默认为4MB
Total PE,PE的总数量
Free PE / Size ,空闲PE的数量及大小
VG UUID ,VG UUID 号
五、创建mylv1、mylv2 逻辑卷, 格式化并挂载
- [[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -n mylv1 -L 30G myvg1
- Logical volume "mylv1" created.
- [[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -n mylv2 -L 60G myvg2
- Logical volume "mylv2" created.
- [[email protected] ~]# lvs
- LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
- mylv1 myvg1 -wi-a----- 30.00g
- mylv2 myvg2 -wi-a----- 60.00g
- [[email protected] dev]# lvdisplay
- --- Logical volume ---
- LV Path /dev/myvg2/mylv2
- LV Name mylv2
- VG Name myvg2
- LV UUID pKGpwi-1aN4-jrcR-uGcj-D9ZN-7AcV-PN0yue
- LV Write Access read/write
- LV Creation host, time study, 2017-09-22 23:10:03 +0800
- LV Status available
- # open 1
- LV Size 60.00 GiB
- Current LE 15360
- Segments 4
- Allocation inherit
- Read ahead sectors auto
- - currently set to 256
- Block device 253:1
- --- Logical volume ---
- LV Path /dev/myvg1/mylv1
- LV Name mylv1
- VG Name myvg1
- LV UUID uiX2dG-crHV-lO83-qqUq-fBqj-mov6-2KQefT
- LV Write Access read/write
- LV Creation host, time study, 2017-09-22 23:09:05 +0800
- LV Status available
- # open 1
- LV Size 30.00 GiB
- Current LE 7680
- Segments 2
- Allocation inherit
- Read ahead sectors auto
- - currently set to 256
- Block device 253:0
- [[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l #查看myvg1-mylv1 、myvg2-mylv2逻辑卷状态。
- ...
- Disk /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- Disk /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7832 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- [[email protected] dev]# vgs #查看分配完LVM后剩余VG容量
- VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
- myvg1 2 1 0 wz--n- 39.98g 9.98g
- myvg2 4 1 0 wz--n- 79.97g 19.97g
- [[email protected] dev]# pvs # 查看分配完LVM后剩余PV容量
- PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
- /dev/sdb1 myvg1 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 9.98g
- /dev/sdc1 myvg1 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 0
- /dev/sdd1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 0
- /dev/sde1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 0
- /dev/sdf1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 0
- /dev/sdg1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.97g
- [[email protected] ~]# cd /dev/mapper/ #逻辑卷磁盘存放于/dev/mapper目录中
- [[email protected] mapper]# ls
- control myvg1-mylv1 myvg2-mylv2
- [[email protected] mapper]# mkfs.ext4 myvg1-mylv1 #对LVM卷进行格式化
- [[email protected] mapper]# mkfs.ext4 myvg2-mylv2
- [[email protected] dev]# mount /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 lvm1 #对LVM卷进行挂载
- [[email protected] dev]# mount /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 lvm2
- [[email protected] dev]# df -TH #查看磁盘挂载状态
- Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- /dev/sda3 ext4 21G 1.2G 19G 7% /
- tmpfs tmpfs 1.3G 0 1.3G 0% /dev/shm
- /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1
- ext4 32G 47M 30G 1% /dev/lvm1
- /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2
- ext4 64G 55M 61G 1% /dev/lvm2
说明:#lvcreate -n mylv1 -L 30G myvg1 从myvg1 卷组中分配30G并创建mylv1逻辑卷;-n 指定LVM名字 ,-L 分配容量大小
# lvdisplay | lvs | lvscan 查看lv状态信息
LV Path ,LV的路径
LV Name, LV的名字VG Name所属的VG
LV Size , LV的大小
六、扩展或缩减mylv1、mylv2 逻辑卷
LVM最大的好处就是可以对磁盘进行动态管理,而且不会丢失现有的数据。
1、扩展LVM的思路:
需要先扩展逻辑卷;然后扩展文件系统
- [[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L +5G /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 #扩展5G空间给myvg1-mylv1
- Size of logical volume myvg1/mylv1 changed from 30.00 GiB (7680 extents) to 35.00 GiB (8960 extents).
- Logical volume mylv1 successfully resized.
- [[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L +10G /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 #扩展10G空间给myvg2-mylv2
- Size of logical volume myvg2/mylv2 changed from 60.00 GiB (15360 extents) to 70.00 GiB (17920 extents).
- Logical volume mylv2 successfully resized.
- [[email protected] ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 #扩展myvg1-mylv1卷下的文件体统,扩展大小与逻辑卷增加的大小一致
- resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
- Filesystem at /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 is mounted on /dev/lvm1; on-line resizing required
- old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 3
- Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 to 9175040 (4k) blocks.
- The filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 is now 9175040 blocks long.
- [[email protected] ~]# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 #扩展myvg2-mylv2卷下的文件体统,扩展大小与逻辑卷增加的大小一致
- resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
- Filesystem at /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 is mounted on /dev/lvm2; on-line resizing required
- old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 5
- Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 to 18350080 (4k) blocks.
- The filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 is now 18350080 blocks long.
- [[email protected] ~]# df -TH #查看磁盘空间,mylv1 及mylv2 均已扩展
- Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- /dev/sda3 ext4 21G 1.2G 19G 7% /
- tmpfs tmpfs 1.3G 0 1.3G 0% /dev/shm
- /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1
- ext4 37G 52M 35G 1% /dev/lvm1
- /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2
- ext4 74G 57M 71G 1% /dev/lvm2
说明:#lvextend -L +5G /dev/myvg1-mylv1 扩展5G容量分配到mylv1逻辑卷; -L 分配容量大小 +5G 扩展5G
# resize2fs -p /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 扩展文件系统与逻辑卷大小一致 。-p 表示跟逻辑卷扩展大小保持一致
2、缩减LVM思路:
不能再线缩减,得先卸载;确保缩减后的空间大小依然能存储原有的所有数据;缩减前应该先强行检查文件,以确保文件系统处于一致性状态;缩减文件系统,缩减LVM逻辑卷;重新挂载
- [[email protected] ~]# umount /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 #先卸载逻辑卷分区/dev/mapper/mgvg1-mylv1
- [[email protected] ~]# umount /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2
- [[email protected] ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 #强行检查文件,以确保文件系统处于一致性状态
- e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
- 第一步: 检查inode,块,和大小
- 第二步: 检查目录结构
- 第3步: 检查目录连接性
- Pass 4: Checking reference counts
- 第5步: 检查簇概要信息
- /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1: 43/2293760 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 189423/9175040 blocks
- [[email protected] ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2
- e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
- 第一步: 检查inode,块,和大小
- 第二步: 检查目录结构
- 第3步: 检查目录连接性
- Pass 4: Checking reference counts
- 第5步: 检查簇概要信息
- /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2: 42/4587520 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 334367/18350080 blocks
- [[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 5G #缩减/dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 文件系统到5G大小
- resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
- Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 to 1310720 (4k) blocks.
- The filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 is now 1310720 blocks long.
- [[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 15G
- resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
- Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 to 3932160 (4k) blocks.
- The filesystem on /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 is now 3932160 blocks long.
- [[email protected] ~]# lvreduce -L 5G /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 #缩减/dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 逻辑卷到5G大小
- resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
- WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 5.00 GiB.
- THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
- Do you really want to reduce myvg1/mylv1? [y/n]: y
- Size of logical volume myvg1/mylv1 changed from 10.00 GiB (2560 extents) to 5.00 GiB (1280 extents).
- Logical volume mylv1 successfully resized.
- [[email protected] ~]# lvreduce /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 -L 15G
- WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 15.00 GiB.
- THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
- Do you really want to reduce myvg2/mylv2? [y/n]: y
- Size of logical volume myvg2/mylv2 changed from 70.00 GiB (17920 extents) to 15.00 GiB (3840 extents).
- Logical volume mylv2 successfully resized.
- [[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 /dev/lvm1 #挂载磁盘
- [[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2 /dev/lvm2
- [[email protected] ~]# df -TH #查看磁盘空间
- Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- /dev/sda3 ext4 21G 1.2G 19G 7% /
- tmpfs tmpfs 1.3G 0 1.3G 0% /dev/shm
- /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1
- ext4 5.2G 36M 4.9G 1% /dev/lvm1
- /dev/mapper/myvg2-mylv2
- ext4 16G 44M 15G 1% /dev/lvm2
说明:# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 强制检查文件系统; -f 强制
# resize2fs /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 5G 缩减文件系统为5G 。
#lvextend -L 5G /dev/myvg1-mylv1 分配到mylv1逻辑卷大小为5G; -L 分配容量大小
七、扩展或缩减myvg1、myvg2 卷组
- [[email protected] ~]# vgs #查看vg状态
- VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
- myvg1 2 1 0 wz--n- 39.98g 34.98g
- myvg2 4 1 0 wz--n- 79.97g 64.97g
- [[email protected] ~]# pvs #查看PV状态 ,可以看出/myvg1-mylv1 中/dev/sdb1 物理卷处于空闲状态,/myvg2-mylv2 中/dev/sd{e..g}1 物理卷处于空闲状态
- PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
- /dev/sdb1 myvg1 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdc1 myvg1 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 14.99g
- /dev/sdd1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 4.99g
- /dev/sde1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdf1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdg1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.99g
- [[email protected] ~]# vgreduce myvg1 /dev/sdb1 #删减卷组myvg1 中的/dev/sdb1 物理卷
- Removed "/dev/sdb1" from volume group "myvg1"
- [[email protected] ~]# vgreduce myvg2 /dev/sd{e..g}1
- Removed "/dev/sde1" from volume group "myvg2"
- Removed "/dev/sdf1" from volume group "myvg2"
- Removed "/dev/sdg1" from volume group "myvg2"
- [[email protected] ~]# pvs #查看状态
- PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
- /dev/sdb1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdc1 myvg1 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 14.99g
- /dev/sdd1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 4.99g
- /dev/sde1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdf1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdg1 lvm2 ---- 19.99g 19.99g
- [[email protected] ~]# vgextend myvg1 /dev/sdb1 #增添卷组myvg1 中的/dev/sdb1 物理卷
- Volume group "myvg1" successfully extended
- [[email protected] ~]# vgextend myvg2 /dev/sd{e..g}1
- Volume group "myvg2" successfully extended
- [[email protected] ~]# pvs #查看状态
- PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
- /dev/sdb1 myvg1 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdc1 myvg1 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 14.99g
- /dev/sdd1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 4.99g
- /dev/sde1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdf1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.99g
- /dev/sdg1 myvg2 lvm2 a--u 19.99g 19.99g
八、卸载删除lVM
- [[email protected] ~]# umount /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 #卸载逻辑卷
- [[email protected] ~]# lvremove /dev/mapper/myvg1-mylv1 #移除LVM
- Do you really want to remove active logical volume mylv1? [y/n]: y
- Logical volume "mylv1" successfully removed
- [[email protected] ~]# vgremove myvg1 #移除VG
- Volume group "myvg1" successfully removed
- [[email protected] ~]# pvremove /dev/sd{b,c}1 #移除PV
- Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped
- Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully wiped
至此 ,实验完成 。
来源: http://www.bubuko.com/infodetail-2324331.html