一、数字数据类型
Python 的数字数据类型用于存储数值,它是不可变的数据类型,这意味着改变数字数据类型,则需要一个新分配的对象;
Python 支持四种不同的数值类型:
例如:
int | long | float | complex |
10 | 51924361L | 0 | 3.14j |
100 | -0x19323L | 15.2 | 45.j |
-786 | 0122L | -21.9 | 9.322e-36j |
80 | 0xDEFABCECBDAECBFBAEl | 32.3+e18 | .876j |
-490 | 535633629843L | -90 | -.6545+0J |
-0x260 | -052318172735L | -3.25E+101 | 3e+26J |
0x69 | -4721885298529L | 70.2-E12 | 4.53e-7j |
长整型也可以使用小写 "l",但是还是建议您使用大写 "L",避免与数字 "1" 混淆。因此,还是使用 "L" 来显示长整型;
复数由实数部分和虚数部分构成,可以用 a + bj, 或者 complex(a,b) 表示, 复数的实部 a 和虚部 b 都是浮点型;
在 Python 中整型 (int) 最常用,在 32 位机器上,整数的位数为 32 位,取值范围为 - 2**31~2**31-1,即 - 2147483648~2147483647;在 64 位系统上,整数的位数为 64 位,取值范围为 - 2**63~2**63-1,即 - 9223372036854775808~9223372036854775807;
1、int 的函数说明
- class int(object):
- """
- int(x=0) -> int or long
- int(x, base=10) -> int or long
- Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
- are given. If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.
- If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.
- If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or
- Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base. The
- literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace.
- The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. Base 0 means to
- interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
- >>> int('0b100', base=0)
- 4
- """
- def bit_length(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """
- int.bit_length() -> int
- Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
- >>> bin(37)
- '0b100101'
- >>> (37).bit_length()
- 6
- """
- return 0
- def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
- """ Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. """
- pass
- def __abs__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """
- pass
- def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """
- pass
- def __and__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__and__(y) <==> x&y """
- pass
- def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """
- pass
- def __coerce__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """
- pass
- def __divmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """
- pass
- def __div__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """
- pass
- def __float__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """
- pass
- def __floordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """
- pass
- def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
- pass
- def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """
- pass
- def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
- pass
- def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """
- pass
- def __hex__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) """
- pass
- def __index__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] """
- pass
- def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__
- """
- int(x=0) -> int or long
- int(x, base=10) -> int or long
- Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
- are given. If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.
- If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.
- If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or
- Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base. The
- literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace.
- The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. Base 0 means to
- interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
- >>> int('0b100', base=0)
- 4
- # (copied from class doc)
- """
- pass
- def __int__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """
- pass
- def __invert__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__invert__() <==> ~x """
- pass
- def __long__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """
- pass
- def __lshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<<y """
- pass
- def __mod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """
- pass
- def __mul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """
- pass
- def __neg__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """
- pass
- @staticmethod # known case of __new__
- def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """
- pass
- def __nonzero__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """
- pass
- def __oct__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) """
- pass
- def __or__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__or__(y) <==> x|y """
- pass
- def __pos__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """
- pass
- def __pow__(self, y, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
- pass
- def __radd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """
- pass
- def __rand__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x """
- pass
- def __rdivmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """
- pass
- def __rdiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """
- pass
- def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
- pass
- def __rfloordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """
- pass
- def __rlshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<<x """
- pass
- def __rmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """
- pass
- def __rmul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """
- pass
- def __ror__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x """
- pass
- def __rpow__(self, x, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """
- pass
- def __rrshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x """
- pass
- def __rshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y """
- pass
- def __rsub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """
- pass
- def __rtruediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """
- pass
- def __rxor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x """
- pass
- def __str__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
- pass
- def __sub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """
- pass
- def __truediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """
- pass
- def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
- """ Truncating an Integral returns itself. """
- pass
- def __xor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
- """ x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y """
- pass
- denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default
- """the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms"""
- imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default
- """the imaginary part of a complex number"""
- numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default
- """the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms"""
- real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default
- """the real part of a complex number"""
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